summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/drivers/mtd/nand/atmel_nand.c
blob: 3387e0d5076b06bad1af8506d73f673db99a1d2a (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
/*
 *  Copyright (C) 2003 Rick Bronson
 *
 *  Derived from drivers/mtd/nand/autcpu12.c
 *	 Copyright (c) 2001 Thomas Gleixner (gleixner@autronix.de)
 *
 *  Derived from drivers/mtd/spia.c
 *	 Copyright (C) 2000 Steven J. Hill (sjhill@cotw.com)
 *
 *
 *  Add Hardware ECC support for AT91SAM9260 / AT91SAM9263
 *     Richard Genoud (richard.genoud@gmail.com), Adeneo Copyright (C) 2007
 *
 *     Derived from Das U-Boot source code
 *     		(u-boot-1.1.5/board/atmel/at91sam9263ek/nand.c)
 *     (C) Copyright 2006 ATMEL Rousset, Lacressonniere Nicolas
 *
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
 *
 */

#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/platform_device.h>
#include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
#include <linux/mtd/nand.h>
#include <linux/mtd/partitions.h>

#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/io.h>

#include <mach/board.h>
#include <mach/cpu.h>

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ATMEL_ECC_HW
#define hard_ecc	1
#else
#define hard_ecc	0
#endif

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_NAND_ATMEL_ECC_NONE
#define no_ecc		1
#else
#define no_ecc		0
#endif

/* Register access macros */
#define ecc_readl(add, reg)				\
	__raw_readl(add + ATMEL_ECC_##reg)
#define ecc_writel(add, reg, value)			\
	__raw_writel((value), add + ATMEL_ECC_##reg)

#include "atmel_nand_ecc.h"	/* Hardware ECC registers */

/* oob layout for large page size
 * bad block info is on bytes 0 and 1
 * the bytes have to be consecutives to avoid
 * several NAND_CMD_RNDOUT during read
 */
static struct nand_ecclayout atmel_oobinfo_large = {
	.eccbytes = 4,
	.eccpos = {60, 61, 62, 63},
	.oobfree = {
		{2, 58}
	},
};

/* oob layout for small page size
 * bad block info is on bytes 4 and 5
 * the bytes have to be consecutives to avoid
 * several NAND_CMD_RNDOUT during read
 */
static struct nand_ecclayout atmel_oobinfo_small = {
	.eccbytes = 4,
	.eccpos = {0, 1, 2, 3},
	.oobfree = {
		{6, 10}
	},
};

struct atmel_nand_host {
	struct nand_chip	nand_chip;
	struct mtd_info		mtd;
	void __iomem		*io_base;
	struct atmel_nand_data	*board;
	struct device		*dev;
	void __iomem		*ecc;
};

/*
 * Enable NAND.
 */
static void atmel_nand_enable(struct atmel_nand_host *host)
{
	if (host->board->enable_pin)
		gpio_set_value(host->board->enable_pin, 0);
}

/*
 * Disable NAND.
 */
static void atmel_nand_disable(struct atmel_nand_host *host)
{
	if (host->board->enable_pin)
		gpio_set_value(host->board->enable_pin, 1);
}

/*
 * Hardware specific access to control-lines
 */
static void atmel_nand_cmd_ctrl(struct mtd_info *mtd, int cmd, unsigned int ctrl)
{
	struct nand_chip *nand_chip = mtd->priv;
	struct atmel_nand_host *host = nand_chip->priv;

	if (ctrl & NAND_CTRL_CHANGE) {
		if (ctrl & NAND_NCE)
			atmel_nand_enable(host);
		else
			atmel_nand_disable(host);
	}
	if (cmd == NAND_CMD_NONE)
		return;

	if (ctrl & NAND_CLE)
		writeb(cmd, host->io_base + (1 << host->board->cle));
	else
		writeb(cmd, host->io_base + (1 << host->board->ale));
}

/*
 * Read the Device Ready pin.
 */
static int atmel_nand_device_ready(struct mtd_info *mtd)
{
	struct nand_chip *nand_chip = mtd->priv;
	struct atmel_nand_host *host = nand_chip->priv;

	return gpio_get_value(host->board->rdy_pin);
}

/*
 * Minimal-overhead PIO for data access.
 */
static void atmel_read_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, u8 *buf, int len)
{
	struct nand_chip	*nand_chip = mtd->priv;

	__raw_readsb(nand_chip->IO_ADDR_R, buf, len);
}

static void atmel_read_buf16(struct mtd_info *mtd, u8 *buf, int len)
{
	struct nand_chip	*nand_chip = mtd->priv;

	__raw_readsw(nand_chip->IO_ADDR_R, buf, len / 2);
}

static void atmel_write_buf(struct mtd_info *mtd, const u8 *buf, int len)
{
	struct nand_chip	*nand_chip = mtd->priv;

	__raw_writesb(nand_chip->IO_ADDR_W, buf, len);
}

static void atmel_write_buf16(struct mtd_info *mtd, const u8 *buf, int len)
{
	struct nand_chip	*nand_chip = mtd->priv;

	__raw_writesw(nand_chip->IO_ADDR_W, buf, len / 2);
}

/*
 * write oob for small pages
 */
static int atmel_nand_write_oob_512(struct mtd_info *mtd,
		struct nand_chip *chip, int page)
{
	int chunk = chip->ecc.bytes + chip->ecc.prepad + chip->ecc.postpad;
	int eccsize = chip->ecc.size, length = mtd->oobsize;
	int len, pos, status = 0;
	const uint8_t *bufpoi = chip->oob_poi;

	pos = eccsize + chunk;

	chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_SEQIN, pos, page);
	len = min_t(int, length, chunk);
	chip->write_buf(mtd, bufpoi, len);
	bufpoi += len;
	length -= len;
	if (length > 0)
		chip->write_buf(mtd, bufpoi, length);

	chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_PAGEPROG, -1, -1);
	status = chip->waitfunc(mtd, chip);

	return status & NAND_STATUS_FAIL ? -EIO : 0;

}

/*
 * read oob for small pages
 */
static int atmel_nand_read_oob_512(struct mtd_info *mtd,
		struct nand_chip *chip,	int page, int sndcmd)
{
	if (sndcmd) {
		chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_READOOB, 0, page);
		sndcmd = 0;
	}
	chip->read_buf(mtd, chip->oob_poi, mtd->oobsize);
	return sndcmd;
}

/*
 * Calculate HW ECC
 *
 * function called after a write
 *
 * mtd:        MTD block structure
 * dat:        raw data (unused)
 * ecc_code:   buffer for ECC
 */
static int atmel_nand_calculate(struct mtd_info *mtd,
		const u_char *dat, unsigned char *ecc_code)
{
	struct nand_chip *nand_chip = mtd->priv;
	struct atmel_nand_host *host = nand_chip->priv;
	uint32_t *eccpos = nand_chip->ecc.layout->eccpos;
	unsigned int ecc_value;

	/* get the first 2 ECC bytes */
	ecc_value = ecc_readl(host->ecc, PR);

	ecc_code[eccpos[0]] = ecc_value & 0xFF;
	ecc_code[eccpos[1]] = (ecc_value >> 8) & 0xFF;

	/* get the last 2 ECC bytes */
	ecc_value = ecc_readl(host->ecc, NPR) & ATMEL_ECC_NPARITY;

	ecc_code[eccpos[2]] = ecc_value & 0xFF;
	ecc_code[eccpos[3]] = (ecc_value >> 8) & 0xFF;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * HW ECC read page function
 *
 * mtd:        mtd info structure
 * chip:       nand chip info structure
 * buf:        buffer to store read data
 */
static int atmel_nand_read_page(struct mtd_info *mtd,
		struct nand_chip *chip, uint8_t *buf)
{
	int eccsize = chip->ecc.size;
	int eccbytes = chip->ecc.bytes;
	uint32_t *eccpos = chip->ecc.layout->eccpos;
	uint8_t *p = buf;
	uint8_t *oob = chip->oob_poi;
	uint8_t *ecc_pos;
	int stat;

	/*
	 * Errata: ALE is incorrectly wired up to the ECC controller
	 * on the AP7000, so it will include the address cycles in the
	 * ECC calculation.
	 *
	 * Workaround: Reset the parity registers before reading the
	 * actual data.
	 */
	if (cpu_is_at32ap7000()) {
		struct atmel_nand_host *host = chip->priv;
		ecc_writel(host->ecc, CR, ATMEL_ECC_RST);
	}

	/* read the page */
	chip->read_buf(mtd, p, eccsize);

	/* move to ECC position if needed */
	if (eccpos[0] != 0) {
		/* This only works on large pages
		 * because the ECC controller waits for
		 * NAND_CMD_RNDOUTSTART after the
		 * NAND_CMD_RNDOUT.
		 * anyway, for small pages, the eccpos[0] == 0
		 */
		chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_RNDOUT,
				mtd->writesize + eccpos[0], -1);
	}

	/* the ECC controller needs to read the ECC just after the data */
	ecc_pos = oob + eccpos[0];
	chip->read_buf(mtd, ecc_pos, eccbytes);

	/* check if there's an error */
	stat = chip->ecc.correct(mtd, p, oob, NULL);

	if (stat < 0)
		mtd->ecc_stats.failed++;
	else
		mtd->ecc_stats.corrected += stat;

	/* get back to oob start (end of page) */
	chip->cmdfunc(mtd, NAND_CMD_RNDOUT, mtd->writesize, -1);

	/* read the oob */
	chip->read_buf(mtd, oob, mtd->oobsize);

	return 0;
}

/*
 * HW ECC Correction
 *
 * function called after a read
 *
 * mtd:        MTD block structure
 * dat:        raw data read from the chip
 * read_ecc:   ECC from the chip (unused)
 * isnull:     unused
 *
 * Detect and correct a 1 bit error for a page
 */
static int atmel_nand_correct(struct mtd_info *mtd, u_char *dat,
		u_char *read_ecc, u_char *isnull)
{
	struct nand_chip *nand_chip = mtd->priv;
	struct atmel_nand_host *host = nand_chip->priv;
	unsigned int ecc_status;
	unsigned int ecc_word, ecc_bit;

	/* get the status from the Status Register */
	ecc_status = ecc_readl(host->ecc, SR);

	/* if there's no error */
	if (likely(!(ecc_status & ATMEL_ECC_RECERR)))
		return 0;

	/* get error bit offset (4 bits) */
	ecc_bit = ecc_readl(host->ecc, PR) & ATMEL_ECC_BITADDR;
	/* get word address (12 bits) */
	ecc_word = ecc_readl(host->ecc, PR) & ATMEL_ECC_WORDADDR;
	ecc_word >>= 4;

	/* if there are multiple errors */
	if (ecc_status & ATMEL_ECC_MULERR) {
		/* check if it is a freshly erased block
		 * (filled with 0xff) */
		if ((ecc_bit == ATMEL_ECC_BITADDR)
				&& (ecc_word == (ATMEL_ECC_WORDADDR >> 4))) {
			/* the block has just been erased, return OK */
			return 0;
		}
		/* it doesn't seems to be a freshly
		 * erased block.
		 * We can't correct so many errors */
		dev_dbg(host->dev, "atmel_nand : multiple errors detected."
				" Unable to correct.\n");
		return -EIO;
	}

	/* if there's a single bit error : we can correct it */
	if (ecc_status & ATMEL_ECC_ECCERR) {
		/* there's nothing much to do here.
		 * the bit error is on the ECC itself.
		 */
		dev_dbg(host->dev, "atmel_nand : one bit error on ECC code."
				" Nothing to correct\n");
		return 0;
	}

	dev_dbg(host->dev, "atmel_nand : one bit error on data."
			" (word offset in the page :"
			" 0x%x bit offset : 0x%x)\n",
			ecc_word, ecc_bit);
	/* correct the error */
	if (nand_chip->options & NAND_BUSWIDTH_16) {
		/* 16 bits words */
		((unsigned short *) dat)[ecc_word] ^= (1 << ecc_bit);
	} else {
		/* 8 bits words */
		dat[ecc_word] ^= (1 << ecc_bit);
	}
	dev_dbg(host->dev, "atmel_nand : error corrected\n");
	return 1;
}

/*
 * Enable HW ECC : unused on most chips
 */
static void atmel_nand_hwctl(struct mtd_info *mtd, int mode)
{
	if (cpu_is_at32ap7000()) {
		struct nand_chip *nand_chip = mtd->priv;
		struct atmel_nand_host *host = nand_chip->priv;
		ecc_writel(host->ecc, CR, ATMEL_ECC_RST);
	}
}

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS
static const char *part_probes[] = { "cmdlinepart", NULL };
#endif

/*
 * Probe for the NAND device.
 */
static int __init atmel_nand_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct atmel_nand_host *host;
	struct mtd_info *mtd;
	struct nand_chip *nand_chip;
	struct resource *regs;
	struct resource *mem;
	int res;

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS
	struct mtd_partition *partitions = NULL;
	int num_partitions = 0;
#endif

	mem = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 0);
	if (!mem) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "atmel_nand: can't get I/O resource mem\n");
		return -ENXIO;
	}

	/* Allocate memory for the device structure (and zero it) */
	host = kzalloc(sizeof(struct atmel_nand_host), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (!host) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "atmel_nand: failed to allocate device structure.\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	host->io_base = ioremap(mem->start, mem->end - mem->start + 1);
	if (host->io_base == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "atmel_nand: ioremap failed\n");
		res = -EIO;
		goto err_nand_ioremap;
	}

	mtd = &host->mtd;
	nand_chip = &host->nand_chip;
	host->board = pdev->dev.platform_data;
	host->dev = &pdev->dev;

	nand_chip->priv = host;		/* link the private data structures */
	mtd->priv = nand_chip;
	mtd->owner = THIS_MODULE;

	/* Set address of NAND IO lines */
	nand_chip->IO_ADDR_R = host->io_base;
	nand_chip->IO_ADDR_W = host->io_base;
	nand_chip->cmd_ctrl = atmel_nand_cmd_ctrl;

	if (host->board->rdy_pin)
		nand_chip->dev_ready = atmel_nand_device_ready;

	regs = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_MEM, 1);
	if (!regs && hard_ecc) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "atmel_nand: can't get I/O resource "
				"regs\nFalling back on software ECC\n");
	}

	nand_chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT;	/* enable ECC */
	if (no_ecc)
		nand_chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_NONE;
	if (hard_ecc && regs) {
		host->ecc = ioremap(regs->start, regs->end - regs->start + 1);
		if (host->ecc == NULL) {
			printk(KERN_ERR "atmel_nand: ioremap failed\n");
			res = -EIO;
			goto err_ecc_ioremap;
		}
		nand_chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME;
		nand_chip->ecc.calculate = atmel_nand_calculate;
		nand_chip->ecc.correct = atmel_nand_correct;
		nand_chip->ecc.hwctl = atmel_nand_hwctl;
		nand_chip->ecc.read_page = atmel_nand_read_page;
		nand_chip->ecc.bytes = 4;
		nand_chip->ecc.prepad = 0;
		nand_chip->ecc.postpad = 0;
	}

	nand_chip->chip_delay = 20;		/* 20us command delay time */

	if (host->board->bus_width_16) {	/* 16-bit bus width */
		nand_chip->options |= NAND_BUSWIDTH_16;
		nand_chip->read_buf = atmel_read_buf16;
		nand_chip->write_buf = atmel_write_buf16;
	} else {
		nand_chip->read_buf = atmel_read_buf;
		nand_chip->write_buf = atmel_write_buf;
	}

	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, host);
	atmel_nand_enable(host);

	if (host->board->det_pin) {
		if (gpio_get_value(host->board->det_pin)) {
			printk("No SmartMedia card inserted.\n");
			res = ENXIO;
			goto err_no_card;
		}
	}

	/* first scan to find the device and get the page size */
	if (nand_scan_ident(mtd, 1)) {
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto err_scan_ident;
	}

	if (nand_chip->ecc.mode == NAND_ECC_HW_SYNDROME) {
		/* ECC is calculated for the whole page (1 step) */
		nand_chip->ecc.size = mtd->writesize;

		/* set ECC page size and oob layout */
		switch (mtd->writesize) {
		case 512:
			nand_chip->ecc.layout = &atmel_oobinfo_small;
			nand_chip->ecc.read_oob = atmel_nand_read_oob_512;
			nand_chip->ecc.write_oob = atmel_nand_write_oob_512;
			ecc_writel(host->ecc, MR, ATMEL_ECC_PAGESIZE_528);
			break;
		case 1024:
			nand_chip->ecc.layout = &atmel_oobinfo_large;
			ecc_writel(host->ecc, MR, ATMEL_ECC_PAGESIZE_1056);
			break;
		case 2048:
			nand_chip->ecc.layout = &atmel_oobinfo_large;
			ecc_writel(host->ecc, MR, ATMEL_ECC_PAGESIZE_2112);
			break;
		case 4096:
			nand_chip->ecc.layout = &atmel_oobinfo_large;
			ecc_writel(host->ecc, MR, ATMEL_ECC_PAGESIZE_4224);
			break;
		default:
			/* page size not handled by HW ECC */
			/* switching back to soft ECC */
			nand_chip->ecc.mode = NAND_ECC_SOFT;
			nand_chip->ecc.calculate = NULL;
			nand_chip->ecc.correct = NULL;
			nand_chip->ecc.hwctl = NULL;
			nand_chip->ecc.read_page = NULL;
			nand_chip->ecc.postpad = 0;
			nand_chip->ecc.prepad = 0;
			nand_chip->ecc.bytes = 0;
			break;
		}
	}

	/* second phase scan */
	if (nand_scan_tail(mtd)) {
		res = -ENXIO;
		goto err_scan_tail;
	}

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS
#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_CMDLINE_PARTS
	mtd->name = "atmel_nand";
	num_partitions = parse_mtd_partitions(mtd, part_probes,
					      &partitions, 0);
#endif
	if (num_partitions <= 0 && host->board->partition_info)
		partitions = host->board->partition_info(mtd->size,
							 &num_partitions);

	if ((!partitions) || (num_partitions == 0)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "atmel_nand: No parititions defined, or unsupported device.\n");
		res = ENXIO;
		goto err_no_partitions;
	}

	res = add_mtd_partitions(mtd, partitions, num_partitions);
#else
	res = add_mtd_device(mtd);
#endif

	if (!res)
		return res;

#ifdef CONFIG_MTD_PARTITIONS
err_no_partitions:
#endif
	nand_release(mtd);
err_scan_tail:
err_scan_ident:
err_no_card:
	atmel_nand_disable(host);
	platform_set_drvdata(pdev, NULL);
	if (host->ecc)
		iounmap(host->ecc);
err_ecc_ioremap:
	iounmap(host->io_base);
err_nand_ioremap:
	kfree(host);
	return res;
}

/*
 * Remove a NAND device.
 */
static int __exit atmel_nand_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
	struct atmel_nand_host *host = platform_get_drvdata(pdev);
	struct mtd_info *mtd = &host->mtd;

	nand_release(mtd);

	atmel_nand_disable(host);

	if (host->ecc)
		iounmap(host->ecc);
	iounmap(host->io_base);
	kfree(host);

	return 0;
}

static struct platform_driver atmel_nand_driver = {
	.remove		= __exit_p(atmel_nand_remove),
	.driver		= {
		.name	= "atmel_nand",
		.owner	= THIS_MODULE,
	},
};

static int __init atmel_nand_init(void)
{
	return platform_driver_probe(&atmel_nand_driver, atmel_nand_probe);
}


static void __exit atmel_nand_exit(void)
{
	platform_driver_unregister(&atmel_nand_driver);
}


module_init(atmel_nand_init);
module_exit(atmel_nand_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("Rick Bronson");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("NAND/SmartMedia driver for AT91 / AVR32");
MODULE_ALIAS("platform:atmel_nand");