dax: New fault locking

Currently DAX page fault locking is racy.

CPU0 (write fault)		CPU1 (read fault)

__dax_fault()			__dax_fault()
  get_block(inode, block, &bh, 0) -> not mapped
				  get_block(inode, block, &bh, 0)
				    -> not mapped
  if (!buffer_mapped(&bh))
    if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE)
      get_block(inode, block, &bh, 1) -> allocates blocks
  if (page) -> no
				  if (!buffer_mapped(&bh))
				    if (vmf->flags & FAULT_FLAG_WRITE) {
				    } else {
				      dax_load_hole();
				    }
  dax_insert_mapping()

And we are in a situation where we fail in dax_radix_entry() with -EIO.

Another problem with the current DAX page fault locking is that there is
no race-free way to clear dirty tag in the radix tree. We can always
end up with clean radix tree and dirty data in CPU cache.

We fix the first problem by introducing locking of exceptional radix
tree entries in DAX mappings acting very similarly to page lock and thus
synchronizing properly faults against the same mapping index. The same
lock can later be used to avoid races when clearing radix tree dirty
tag.

Reviewed-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
diff --git a/include/linux/dax.h b/include/linux/dax.h
index aa14893..756625c 100644
--- a/include/linux/dax.h
+++ b/include/linux/dax.h
@@ -15,6 +15,9 @@
 int dax_truncate_page(struct inode *, loff_t from, get_block_t);
 int dax_fault(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_fault *, get_block_t);
 int __dax_fault(struct vm_area_struct *, struct vm_fault *, get_block_t);
+int dax_delete_mapping_entry(struct address_space *mapping, pgoff_t index);
+void dax_wake_mapping_entry_waiter(struct address_space *mapping,
+				   pgoff_t index, bool wake_all);
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_FS_DAX
 struct page *read_dax_sector(struct block_device *bdev, sector_t n);