diff --git a/drivers/char/apm-emulation.c b/drivers/char/apm-emulation.c
index 033e150..6a420ba 100644
--- a/drivers/char/apm-emulation.c
+++ b/drivers/char/apm-emulation.c
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@
 /*
  * Local variables
  */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(apm_mutex);
 static atomic_t suspend_acks_pending = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
 static atomic_t userspace_notification_inhibit = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
 static int apm_disabled;
@@ -274,7 +275,7 @@
 	if (!as->suser || !as->writer)
 		return -EPERM;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&apm_mutex);
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case APM_IOC_SUSPEND:
 		mutex_lock(&state_lock);
@@ -335,7 +336,7 @@
 		mutex_unlock(&state_lock);
 		break;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&apm_mutex);
 
 	return err;
 }
@@ -370,7 +371,7 @@
 {
 	struct apm_user *as;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&apm_mutex);
 	as = kzalloc(sizeof(*as), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (as) {
 		/*
@@ -390,7 +391,7 @@
 
 		filp->private_data = as;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&apm_mutex);
 
 	return as ? 0 : -ENOMEM;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/applicom.c b/drivers/char/applicom.c
index f4ae0e0..e7ba774 100644
--- a/drivers/char/applicom.c
+++ b/drivers/char/applicom.c
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/errno.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
@@ -60,6 +60,7 @@
 #define PCI_DEVICE_ID_APPLICOM_PCI2000PFB     0x0003
 #endif
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(ac_mutex);
 static char *applicom_pci_devnames[] = {
 	"PCI board",
 	"PCI2000IBS / PCI2000CAN",
@@ -707,7 +708,7 @@
 	if (IS_ERR(adgl))
 		return PTR_ERR(adgl);
 
-	lock_kernel();	
+	mutex_lock(&ac_mutex);	
 	IndexCard = adgl->num_card-1;
 	 
 	if(cmd != 6 && ((IndexCard >= MAX_BOARD) || !apbs[IndexCard].RamIO)) {
@@ -717,7 +718,7 @@
 			warncount--;
 		}
 		kfree(adgl);
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&ac_mutex);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
 
@@ -835,7 +836,7 @@
 	}
 	Dummy = readb(apbs[IndexCard].RamIO + VERS);
 	kfree(adgl);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&ac_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/ds1302.c b/drivers/char/ds1302.c
index 170693c..e3d72aa3 100644
--- a/drivers/char/ds1302.c
+++ b/drivers/char/ds1302.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/bcd.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 
 #define RTC_MAJOR_NR 121 /* local major, change later */
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(rtc_mutex);
 static const char ds1302_name[] = "ds1302";
 
 /* Send 8 bits. */
@@ -164,9 +165,9 @@
 			struct rtc_time rtc_tm;
 
 			memset(&rtc_tm, 0, sizeof (struct rtc_time));
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&rtc_mutex);
 			get_rtc_time(&rtc_tm);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&rtc_mutex);
 			if (copy_to_user((struct rtc_time*)arg, &rtc_tm, sizeof(struct rtc_time)))
 				return -EFAULT;
 			return 0;
@@ -218,7 +219,7 @@
 			mon = bin2bcd(mon);
 			yrs = bin2bcd(yrs);
 
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&rtc_mutex);
 			local_irq_save(flags);
 			CMOS_WRITE(yrs, RTC_YEAR);
 			CMOS_WRITE(mon, RTC_MONTH);
@@ -227,7 +228,7 @@
 			CMOS_WRITE(min, RTC_MINUTES);
 			CMOS_WRITE(sec, RTC_SECONDS);
 			local_irq_restore(flags);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&rtc_mutex);
 
 			/* Notice that at this point, the RTC is updated but
 			 * the kernel is still running with the old time.
@@ -247,10 +248,10 @@
 			if(copy_from_user(&tcs_val, (int*)arg, sizeof(int)))
 				return -EFAULT;
 
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&rtc_mutex);
 			tcs_val = RTC_TCR_PATTERN | (tcs_val & 0x0F);
 			ds1302_writereg(RTC_TRICKLECHARGER, tcs_val);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&rtc_mutex);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		default:
diff --git a/drivers/char/ds1620.c b/drivers/char/ds1620.c
index dbee868..9aa1fd0 100644
--- a/drivers/char/ds1620.c
+++ b/drivers/char/ds1620.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/capability.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <mach/hardware.h>
 #include <asm/mach-types.h>
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #define CFG_CPU			2
 #define CFG_1SHOT		1
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(ds1620_mutex);
 static const char *fan_state[] = { "off", "on", "on (hardwired)" };
 
 /*
@@ -210,7 +211,6 @@
 
 static int ds1620_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 {
-	cycle_kernel_lock();
 	return nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 }
 
@@ -321,9 +321,9 @@
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&ds1620_mutex);
 	ret = ds1620_ioctl(file, cmd, arg);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&ds1620_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/dsp56k.c b/drivers/char/dsp56k.c
index 8a1b28a..b3c7562 100644
--- a/drivers/char/dsp56k.c
+++ b/drivers/char/dsp56k.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/device.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/firmware.h>
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>	/* For put_user and get_user */
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@
 	} \
 }
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(dsp56k_mutex);
 static struct dsp56k_device {
 	unsigned long in_use;
 	long maxio, timeout;
@@ -330,9 +331,9 @@
 			if (len > DSP56K_MAX_BINARY_LENGTH) {
 				return -EINVAL;
 			}
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			r = dsp56k_upload(bin, len);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			if (r < 0) {
 				return r;
 			}
@@ -342,16 +343,16 @@
 		case DSP56K_SET_TX_WSIZE:
 			if (arg > 4 || arg < 1)
 				return -EINVAL;
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			dsp56k.tx_wsize = (int) arg;
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			break;
 		case DSP56K_SET_RX_WSIZE:
 			if (arg > 4 || arg < 1)
 				return -EINVAL;
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			dsp56k.rx_wsize = (int) arg;
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			break;
 		case DSP56K_HOST_FLAGS:
 		{
@@ -363,7 +364,7 @@
 			if(get_user(out, &hf->out) < 0)
 				return -EFAULT;
 
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			if ((dir & 0x1) && (out & 0x1))
 				dsp56k_host_interface.icr |= DSP56K_ICR_HF0;
 			else if (dir & 0x1)
@@ -378,16 +379,16 @@
 			if (dsp56k_host_interface.icr & DSP56K_ICR_HF1) status |= 0x2;
 			if (dsp56k_host_interface.isr & DSP56K_ISR_HF2) status |= 0x4;
 			if (dsp56k_host_interface.isr & DSP56K_ISR_HF3) status |= 0x8;
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			return put_user(status, &hf->status);
 		}
 		case DSP56K_HOST_CMD:
 			if (arg > 31 || arg < 0)
 				return -EINVAL;
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			dsp56k_host_interface.cvr = (u_char)((arg & DSP56K_CVR_HV_MASK) |
 							     DSP56K_CVR_HC);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 			break;
 		default:
 			return -EINVAL;
@@ -427,7 +428,7 @@
 	int dev = iminor(inode) & 0x0f;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 	switch(dev)
 	{
 	case DSP56K_DEV_56001:
@@ -454,7 +455,7 @@
 		ret = -ENODEV;
 	}
 out:
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&dsp56k_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/dtlk.c b/drivers/char/dtlk.c
index e3859d4..8dd040a 100644
--- a/drivers/char/dtlk.c
+++ b/drivers/char/dtlk.c
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 #include <linux/ioport.h>	/* for request_region */
 #include <linux/delay.h>	/* for loops_per_jiffy */
 #include <linux/sched.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>	/* cycle_kernel_lock() */
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>		/* for inb_p, outb_p, inb, outb, etc. */
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>	/* for get_user, etc. */
 #include <linux/wait.h>		/* for wait_queue */
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 #define TRACE_RET ((void) 0)
 #endif				/* TRACING */
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(dtlk_mutex);
 static void dtlk_timer_tick(unsigned long data);
 
 static int dtlk_major;
@@ -275,9 +276,9 @@
 	switch (cmd) {
 
 	case DTLK_INTERROGATE:
-		lock_kernel();
+		mutex_lock(&dtlk_mutex);
 		sp = dtlk_interrogate();
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&dtlk_mutex);
 		if (copy_to_user(argp, sp, sizeof(struct dtlk_settings)))
 			return -EINVAL;
 		return 0;
@@ -296,7 +297,6 @@
 {
 	TRACE_TEXT("(dtlk_open");
 
-	cycle_kernel_lock();
 	nonseekable_open(inode, file);
 	switch (iminor(inode)) {
 	case DTLK_MINOR:
diff --git a/drivers/char/generic_nvram.c b/drivers/char/generic_nvram.c
index 82b5a88..0e941b5 100644
--- a/drivers/char/generic_nvram.c
+++ b/drivers/char/generic_nvram.c
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
 #include <linux/fcntl.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/nvram.h>
 #ifdef CONFIG_PPC_PMAC
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@
 
 #define NVRAM_SIZE	8192
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(nvram_mutex);
 static ssize_t nvram_len;
 
 static loff_t nvram_llseek(struct file *file, loff_t offset, int origin)
@@ -120,9 +121,9 @@
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&nvram_mutex);
 	ret = nvram_ioctl(file, cmd, arg);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&nvram_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/genrtc.c b/drivers/char/genrtc.c
index b6c2cc1..2aa69f9 100644
--- a/drivers/char/genrtc.c
+++ b/drivers/char/genrtc.c
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 #include <linux/init.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/workqueue.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
  *	ioctls.
  */
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(gen_rtc_mutex);
 static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(gen_rtc_wait);
 
 /*
@@ -337,9 +338,9 @@
 {
 	int ret;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&gen_rtc_mutex);
 	ret = gen_rtc_ioctl(file, cmd, arg);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&gen_rtc_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -352,16 +353,16 @@
 
 static int gen_rtc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
 {
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&gen_rtc_mutex);
 	if (gen_rtc_status & RTC_IS_OPEN) {
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&gen_rtc_mutex);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
 
 	gen_rtc_status |= RTC_IS_OPEN;
 	gen_rtc_irq_data = 0;
 	irq_active = 0;
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&gen_rtc_mutex);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/i8k.c b/drivers/char/i8k.c
index 4cd8b22..3bc0eef 100644
--- a/drivers/char/i8k.c
+++ b/drivers/char/i8k.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 #include <linux/dmi.h>
 #include <linux/capability.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
 
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 
 #define I8K_TEMPERATURE_BUG	1
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(i8k_mutex);
 static char bios_version[4];
 
 MODULE_AUTHOR("Massimo Dal Zotto (dz@debian.org)");
@@ -399,9 +400,9 @@
 {
 	long ret;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&i8k_mutex);
 	ret = i8k_ioctl_unlocked(fp, cmd, arg);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&i8k_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/ip2/ip2main.c b/drivers/char/ip2/ip2main.c
index d4b71e8..dfbdf49 100644
--- a/drivers/char/ip2/ip2main.c
+++ b/drivers/char/ip2/ip2main.c
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
 #include <linux/major.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/device.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/firmware.h>
 #include <linux/platform_device.h>
 
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(ip2_mutex);
 static const struct file_operations ip2mem_proc_fops;
 static const struct file_operations ip2_proc_fops;
 
@@ -2897,7 +2898,7 @@
 	printk (KERN_DEBUG "IP2IPL: ioctl cmd %d, arg %ld\n", cmd, arg );
 #endif
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&ip2_mutex);
 
 	switch ( iplminor ) {
 	case 0:	    // IPL device
@@ -2961,7 +2962,7 @@
 		rc = -ENODEV;
 		break;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&ip2_mutex);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -2982,7 +2983,6 @@
 #ifdef IP2DEBUG_IPL
 	printk (KERN_DEBUG "IP2IPL: open\n" );
 #endif
-	cycle_kernel_lock();
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/lp.c b/drivers/char/lp.c
index 938a3a2..598d278 100644
--- a/drivers/char/lp.c
+++ b/drivers/char/lp.c
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
 #include <linux/device.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/compat.h>
 
 #include <linux/parport.h>
@@ -140,6 +140,7 @@
 /* if you have more than 8 printers, remember to increase LP_NO */
 #define LP_NO 8
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(lp_mutex);
 static struct lp_struct lp_table[LP_NO];
 
 static unsigned int lp_count = 0;
@@ -493,7 +494,7 @@
 	unsigned int minor = iminor(inode);
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&lp_mutex);
 	if (minor >= LP_NO) {
 		ret = -ENXIO;
 		goto out;
@@ -554,7 +555,7 @@
 	lp_release_parport (&lp_table[minor]);
 	lp_table[minor].current_mode = IEEE1284_MODE_COMPAT;
 out:
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&lp_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -680,7 +681,7 @@
 	int ret;
 
 	minor = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&lp_mutex);
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case LPSETTIMEOUT:
 		if (copy_from_user(&par_timeout, (void __user *)arg,
@@ -694,7 +695,7 @@
 		ret = lp_do_ioctl(minor, cmd, arg, (void __user *)arg);
 		break;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&lp_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -709,7 +710,7 @@
 	int ret;
 
 	minor = iminor(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode);
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&lp_mutex);
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case LPSETTIMEOUT:
 		tc = compat_ptr(arg);
@@ -730,7 +731,7 @@
 		ret = lp_do_ioctl(minor, cmd, arg, compat_ptr(arg));
 		break;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&lp_mutex);
 
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/drivers/char/mbcs.c b/drivers/char/mbcs.c
index 83bef4e..1aeaaba 100644
--- a/drivers/char/mbcs.c
+++ b/drivers/char/mbcs.c
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <linux/mm.h>
 #include <linux/uio.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -42,6 +41,7 @@
 #else
 #define DBG(fmt...)
 #endif
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(mbcs_mutex);
 static int mbcs_major;
 
 static LIST_HEAD(soft_list);
@@ -385,19 +385,19 @@
 	struct mbcs_soft *soft;
 	int minor;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&mbcs_mutex);
 	minor = iminor(ip);
 
 	/* Nothing protects access to this list... */
 	list_for_each_entry(soft, &soft_list, list) {
 		if (soft->nasid == minor) {
 			fp->private_data = soft->cxdev;
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mbcs_mutex);
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
 
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&mbcs_mutex);
 	return -ENODEV;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/mmtimer.c b/drivers/char/mmtimer.c
index ea7c99f..fe46978 100644
--- a/drivers/char/mmtimer.c
+++ b/drivers/char/mmtimer.c
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 #include <linux/interrupt.h>
 #include <linux/time.h>
 #include <linux/math64.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 
 #define rtc_time()              (*RTC_COUNTER_ADDR)
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(mmtimer_mutex);
 static long mmtimer_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
 						unsigned long arg);
 static int mmtimer_mmap(struct file *file, struct vm_area_struct *vma);
@@ -371,7 +372,7 @@
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&mmtimer_mutex);
 
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case MMTIMER_GETOFFSET:	/* offset of the counter */
@@ -414,7 +415,7 @@
 		ret = -ENOTTY;
 		break;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&mmtimer_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/mwave/mwavedd.c b/drivers/char/mwave/mwavedd.c
index a4ec50c..e5df26b 100644
--- a/drivers/char/mwave/mwavedd.c
+++ b/drivers/char/mwave/mwavedd.c
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 #include <linux/serial.h>
 #include <linux/sched.h>
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/serial_8250.h>
 #include "smapi.h"
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@
 * checks are made against other devices (ie. superio) for conflicts.
 * We'll depend on users using the tpctl utility to do that for now
 */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(mwave_mutex);
 int mwave_debug = 0;
 int mwave_3780i_irq = 0;
 int mwave_3780i_io = 0;
@@ -101,7 +102,6 @@
 	PRINTK_2(TRACE_MWAVE,
 		"mwavedd::mwave_open, exit return retval %x\n", retval);
 
-	cycle_kernel_lock();
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -136,9 +136,9 @@
 			PRINTK_1(TRACE_MWAVE,
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl, IOCTL_MW_RESET"
 				" calling tp3780I_ResetDSP\n");
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_ResetDSP(&pDrvData->rBDData);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 			PRINTK_2(TRACE_MWAVE,
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl, IOCTL_MW_RESET"
 				" retval %x from tp3780I_ResetDSP\n",
@@ -149,9 +149,9 @@
 			PRINTK_1(TRACE_MWAVE,
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl, IOCTL_MW_RUN"
 				" calling tp3780I_StartDSP\n");
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_StartDSP(&pDrvData->rBDData);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 			PRINTK_2(TRACE_MWAVE,
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl, IOCTL_MW_RUN"
 				" retval %x from tp3780I_StartDSP\n",
@@ -165,10 +165,10 @@
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl,"
 				" IOCTL_MW_DSP_ABILITIES calling"
 				" tp3780I_QueryAbilities\n");
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_QueryAbilities(&pDrvData->rBDData,
 					&rAbilities);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 			PRINTK_2(TRACE_MWAVE,
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl, IOCTL_MW_DSP_ABILITIES"
 				" retval %x from tp3780I_QueryAbilities\n",
@@ -199,13 +199,13 @@
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl IOCTL_MW_READ_DATA,"
 				" size %lx, ioarg %lx pusBuffer %p\n",
 				rReadData.ulDataLength, ioarg, pusBuffer);
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_ReadWriteDspDStore(&pDrvData->rBDData,
 					iocmd,
 					pusBuffer,
 					rReadData.ulDataLength,
 					rReadData.usDspAddress);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 		}
 			break;
 	
@@ -223,12 +223,12 @@
 				" size %lx, ioarg %lx pusBuffer %p\n",
 				rReadData.ulDataLength / 2, ioarg,
 				pusBuffer);
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_ReadWriteDspDStore(&pDrvData->rBDData,
 				iocmd, pusBuffer,
 				rReadData.ulDataLength / 2,
 				rReadData.usDspAddress);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 		}
 			break;
 	
@@ -246,12 +246,12 @@
 				" size %lx, ioarg %lx pusBuffer %p\n",
 				rWriteData.ulDataLength, ioarg,
 				pusBuffer);
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_ReadWriteDspDStore(&pDrvData->rBDData,
 					iocmd, pusBuffer,
 					rWriteData.ulDataLength,
 					rWriteData.usDspAddress);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 		}
 			break;
 	
@@ -269,12 +269,12 @@
 				" size %lx, ioarg %lx pusBuffer %p\n",
 				rWriteData.ulDataLength, ioarg,
 				pusBuffer);
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			retval = tp3780I_ReadWriteDspIStore(&pDrvData->rBDData,
 					iocmd, pusBuffer,
 					rWriteData.ulDataLength,
 					rWriteData.usDspAddress);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 		}
 			break;
 	
@@ -295,10 +295,10 @@
 				ipcnum,
 				pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].usIntCount);
 
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].bIsHere = FALSE;
 			pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].bIsEnabled = TRUE;
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 	
 			PRINTK_2(TRACE_MWAVE,
 				"mwavedd::mwave_ioctl IOCTL_MW_REGISTER_IPC"
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@
 				ipcnum,
 				pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].usIntCount);
 	
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			if (pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].bIsEnabled == TRUE) {
 				DECLARE_WAITQUEUE(wait, current);
 
@@ -364,7 +364,7 @@
 					" processing\n",
 					ipcnum);
 			}
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 		}
 			break;
 	
@@ -383,14 +383,14 @@
 						ipcnum);
 				return -EINVAL;
 			}
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&mwave_mutex);
 			if (pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].bIsEnabled == TRUE) {
 				pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].bIsEnabled = FALSE;
 				if (pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].bIsHere == TRUE) {
 					wake_up_interruptible(&pDrvData->IPCs[ipcnum].ipc_wait_queue);
 				}
 			}
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&mwave_mutex);
 		}
 			break;
 	
diff --git a/drivers/char/nvram.c b/drivers/char/nvram.c
index 66d2917..166f1e7 100644
--- a/drivers/char/nvram.c
+++ b/drivers/char/nvram.c
@@ -109,10 +109,11 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 
 #include <asm/system.h>
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(nvram_mutex);
 static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(nvram_state_lock);
 static int nvram_open_cnt;	/* #times opened */
 static int nvram_open_mode;	/* special open modes */
@@ -308,7 +309,7 @@
 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
 			return -EACCES;
 
-		lock_kernel();
+		mutex_lock(&nvram_mutex);
 		spin_lock_irq(&rtc_lock);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < NVRAM_BYTES; ++i)
@@ -316,7 +317,7 @@
 		__nvram_set_checksum();
 
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rtc_lock);
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&nvram_mutex);
 		return 0;
 
 	case NVRAM_SETCKS:
@@ -325,11 +326,11 @@
 		if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN))
 			return -EACCES;
 
-		lock_kernel();
+		mutex_lock(&nvram_mutex);
 		spin_lock_irq(&rtc_lock);
 		__nvram_set_checksum();
 		spin_unlock_irq(&rtc_lock);
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&nvram_mutex);
 		return 0;
 
 	default:
diff --git a/drivers/char/nwflash.c b/drivers/char/nwflash.c
index 043a1c7..a12f524 100644
--- a/drivers/char/nwflash.c
+++ b/drivers/char/nwflash.c
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 #include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/rwsem.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/jiffies.h>
 
@@ -41,6 +40,7 @@
 
 #define	NWFLASH_VERSION "6.4"
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(flash_mutex);
 static void kick_open(void);
 static int get_flash_id(void);
 static int erase_block(int nBlock);
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
 
 static long flash_ioctl(struct file *filep, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
 	switch (cmd) {
 	case CMD_WRITE_DISABLE:
 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@
 	default:
 		gbWriteBase64Enable = 0;
 		gbWriteEnable = 0;
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
 		return -EINVAL;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@
 {
 	loff_t ret;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&flash_mutex);
 	if (flashdebug)
 		printk(KERN_DEBUG "flash_llseek: offset=0x%X, orig=0x%X.\n",
 		       (unsigned int) offset, orig);
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@
 	default:
 		ret = -EINVAL;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&flash_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c
index ec73d9f..7d091b6 100644
--- a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4000_cs.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/bitrev.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 #include <linux/io.h>
 
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@
 			   __func__ , ## args);		\
 	} while (0)
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(cmm_mutex);
 static char *version = "cm4000_cs.c v2.4.0gm6 - All bugs added by Harald Welte";
 
 #define	T_1SEC		(HZ)
@@ -1418,7 +1419,7 @@
 	       iminor(inode), ioctl_names[_IOC_NR(cmd)]);
 #endif
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&cmm_mutex);
 	rc = -ENODEV;
 	link = dev_table[iminor(inode)];
 	if (!pcmcia_dev_present(link)) {
@@ -1626,7 +1627,7 @@
 		rc = -ENOTTY;
 	}
 out:
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&cmm_mutex);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -1640,7 +1641,7 @@
 	if (minor >= CM4000_MAX_DEV)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&cmm_mutex);
 	link = dev_table[minor];
 	if (link == NULL || !pcmcia_dev_present(link)) {
 		ret = -ENODEV;
@@ -1685,7 +1686,7 @@
 	DEBUGP(2, dev, "<- cmm_open\n");
 	ret = nonseekable_open(inode, filp);
 out:
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&cmm_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c
index 815cde1..04c0a89 100644
--- a/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c
+++ b/drivers/char/pcmcia/cm4040_cs.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/poll.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/wait.h>
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
 #include <asm/io.h>
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
 			   __func__ , ## args);		\
 	} while (0)
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(cm4040_mutex);
 static char *version =
 "OMNIKEY CardMan 4040 v1.1.0gm5 - All bugs added by Harald Welte";
 
@@ -444,7 +445,7 @@
 	if (minor >= CM_MAX_DEV)
 		return -ENODEV;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&cm4040_mutex);
 	link = dev_table[minor];
 	if (link == NULL || !pcmcia_dev_present(link)) {
 		ret = -ENODEV;
@@ -473,7 +474,7 @@
 	DEBUGP(2, dev, "<- cm4040_open (successfully)\n");
 	ret = nonseekable_open(inode, filp);
 out:
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&cm4040_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/ppdev.c b/drivers/char/ppdev.c
index 02abfdd..723152d 100644
--- a/drivers/char/ppdev.c
+++ b/drivers/char/ppdev.c
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 #include <linux/major.h>
 #include <linux/ppdev.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/uaccess.h>
 
 #define PP_VERSION "ppdev: user-space parallel port driver"
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@
 /* ROUND_UP macro from fs/select.c */
 #define ROUND_UP(x,y) (((x)+(y)-1)/(y))
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(pp_do_mutex);
 static inline void pp_enable_irq (struct pp_struct *pp)
 {
 	struct parport *port = pp->pdev->port;
@@ -630,9 +631,9 @@
 static long pp_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
 {
 	long ret;
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&pp_do_mutex);
 	ret = pp_do_ioctl(file, cmd, arg);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&pp_do_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -641,7 +642,6 @@
 	unsigned int minor = iminor(inode);
 	struct pp_struct *pp;
 
-	cycle_kernel_lock();
 	if (minor >= PARPORT_MAX)
 		return -ENXIO;
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/rio/rio_linux.c b/drivers/char/rio/rio_linux.c
index d58c2eb..e06a597 100644
--- a/drivers/char/rio/rio_linux.c
+++ b/drivers/char/rio/rio_linux.c
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 #include <linux/delay.h>
 #include <linux/pci.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/miscdevice.h>
 #include <linux/init.h>
 
@@ -122,6 +122,7 @@
 
 
 /* These constants are derived from SCO Source */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(rio_fw_mutex);
 static struct Conf
  RIOConf = {
 	/* locator */ "RIO Config here",
@@ -566,9 +567,9 @@
 	func_enter();
 
 	/* The "dev" argument isn't used. */
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&rio_fw_mutex);
 	rc = riocontrol(p, 0, cmd, arg, capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN));
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&rio_fw_mutex);
 
 	func_exit();
 	return rc;
diff --git a/drivers/char/snsc.c b/drivers/char/snsc.c
index 32b74de..208e257 100644
--- a/drivers/char/snsc.c
+++ b/drivers/char/snsc.c
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/module.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <asm/sn/io.h>
 #include <asm/sn/sn_sal.h>
 #include <asm/sn/module.h>
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 #define SCDRV_BUFSZ	2048
 #define SCDRV_TIMEOUT	1000
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(scdrv_mutex);
 static irqreturn_t
 scdrv_interrupt(int irq, void *subch_data)
 {
@@ -105,7 +106,7 @@
 	file->private_data = sd;
 
 	/* hook this subchannel up to the system controller interrupt */
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&scdrv_mutex);
 	rv = request_irq(SGI_UART_VECTOR, scdrv_interrupt,
 			 IRQF_SHARED | IRQF_DISABLED,
 			 SYSCTL_BASENAME, sd);
@@ -113,10 +114,10 @@
 		ia64_sn_irtr_close(sd->sd_nasid, sd->sd_subch);
 		kfree(sd);
 		printk("%s: irq request failed (%d)\n", __func__, rv);
-		unlock_kernel();
+		mutex_unlock(&scdrv_mutex);
 		return -EBUSY;
 	}
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&scdrv_mutex);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/toshiba.c b/drivers/char/toshiba.c
index f8bc79f..f8f09ab 100644
--- a/drivers/char/toshiba.c
+++ b/drivers/char/toshiba.c
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
 #include <linux/stat.h>
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/toshiba.h>
 
 #define TOSH_MINOR_DEV 181
@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Toshiba laptop SMM driver");
 MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("toshiba");
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(tosh_mutex);
 static int tosh_fn;
 module_param_named(fn, tosh_fn, int, 0);
 MODULE_PARM_DESC(fn, "User specified Fn key detection port");
@@ -274,16 +275,16 @@
 				return -EINVAL;
 
 			/* do we need to emulate the fan ? */
-			lock_kernel();
+			mutex_lock(&tosh_mutex);
 			if (tosh_fan==1) {
 				if (((ax==0xf300) || (ax==0xf400)) && (bx==0x0004)) {
 					err = tosh_emulate_fan(&regs);
-					unlock_kernel();
+					mutex_unlock(&tosh_mutex);
 					break;
 				}
 			}
 			err = tosh_smm(&regs);
-			unlock_kernel();
+			mutex_unlock(&tosh_mutex);
 			break;
 		default:
 			return -EINVAL;
diff --git a/drivers/char/viotape.c b/drivers/char/viotape.c
index 42f7fa4..6f954a8 100644
--- a/drivers/char/viotape.c
+++ b/drivers/char/viotape.c
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
 #include <linux/completion.h>
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
 #include <linux/slab.h>
 
 #include <asm/uaccess.h>
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@
 #define VIOTAPE_KERN_WARN	KERN_WARNING "viotape: "
 #define VIOTAPE_KERN_INFO	KERN_INFO "viotape: "
 
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(proc_viotape_mutex);
 static int viotape_numdev;
 
 /*
@@ -684,9 +685,9 @@
 {
 	long rc;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&proc_viotape_mutex);
 	rc = viotap_ioctl(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode, file, cmd, arg);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&proc_viotape_mutex);
 	return rc;
 }
 
@@ -700,7 +701,7 @@
 	if (op == NULL)
 		return -ENOMEM;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&proc_viotape_mutex);
 	get_dev_info(file->f_path.dentry->d_inode, &devi);
 
 	/* Note: We currently only support one mode! */
@@ -731,7 +732,7 @@
 
 free_op:
 	free_op_struct(op);
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&proc_viotape_mutex);
 	return ret;
 }
 
diff --git a/drivers/char/xilinx_hwicap/xilinx_hwicap.c b/drivers/char/xilinx_hwicap/xilinx_hwicap.c
index b663d57..d985204 100644
--- a/drivers/char/xilinx_hwicap/xilinx_hwicap.c
+++ b/drivers/char/xilinx_hwicap/xilinx_hwicap.c
@@ -81,7 +81,6 @@
 #include <linux/poll.h>
 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
-#include <linux/smp_lock.h>
 #include <linux/sysctl.h>
 #include <linux/fs.h>
 #include <linux/cdev.h>
@@ -112,6 +111,7 @@
 #define HWICAP_DEVICES 1
 
 /* An array, which is set to true when the device is registered. */
+static DEFINE_MUTEX(hwicap_mutex);
 static bool probed_devices[HWICAP_DEVICES];
 static struct mutex icap_sem;
 
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@
 	struct hwicap_drvdata *drvdata;
 	int status;
 
-	lock_kernel();
+	mutex_lock(&hwicap_mutex);
 	drvdata = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct hwicap_drvdata, cdev);
 
 	status = mutex_lock_interruptible(&drvdata->sem);
@@ -528,7 +528,7 @@
  error:
 	mutex_unlock(&drvdata->sem);
  out:
-	unlock_kernel();
+	mutex_unlock(&hwicap_mutex);
 	return status;
 }