/* * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path. * * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc. * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc. * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later. * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include "qemu-common.h" #include "qemu/main-loop.h" #include "block/block_int.h" #include "cmd.h" #include "trace/control.h" #define VERSION "0.0.1" #define CMD_NOFILE_OK 0x01 char *progname; static BlockDriverState *bs; static int misalign; /* * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands. * * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte. */ static int parse_pattern(const char *arg) { char *endptr = NULL; long pattern; pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0); if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') { printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg); return -1; } return pattern; } /* * Memory allocation helpers. * * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if * that is specified on the command line. */ #define MISALIGN_OFFSET 16 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern) { void *buf; if (misalign) { len += MISALIGN_OFFSET; } buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, len); memset(buf, pattern, len); if (misalign) { buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET; } return buf; } static void qemu_io_free(void *p) { if (misalign) { p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET; } qemu_vfree(p); } static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len) { int i, j; const uint8_t *p; for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) { const uint8_t *s = p; printf("%08" PRIx64 ": ", offset + i); for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) { printf("%02x ", *p); } printf(" "); for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) { if (isalnum(*s)) { printf("%c", *s); } else { printf("."); } } printf("\n"); } } static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset, int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag) { char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64]; timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0); if (!Cflag) { cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1)); cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2)); printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n", op, total, count, offset); printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n", s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t)); } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */ printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n", total, cnt, ts, tdiv((double)total, *t), tdiv((double)cnt, *t)); } } /* * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O * vector matching it. */ static void * create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern) { size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov); size_t count = 0; void *buf = NULL; void *p; int i; for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) { char *arg = argv[i]; int64_t len; len = cvtnum(arg); if (len < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg); goto fail; } /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */ if (len > INT_MAX) { printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg); goto fail; } if (len & 0x1ff) { printf("length argument %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", len); goto fail; } sizes[i] = len; count += len; } qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov); buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern); for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) { qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]); p += sizes[i]; } fail: g_free(sizes); return buf; } static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { int ret; ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9); if (ret < 0) { return ret; } *total = count; return 1; } static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { int ret; ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9); if (ret < 0) { return ret; } *total = count; return 1; } static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count); if (*total < 0) { return *total; } return 1; } static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count); if (*total < 0) { return *total; } return 1; } typedef struct { int64_t offset; int count; int *total; int ret; bool done; } CoWriteZeroes; static void coroutine_fn co_write_zeroes_entry(void *opaque) { CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque; data->ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(bs, data->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE, data->count / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE); data->done = true; if (data->ret < 0) { *data->total = data->ret; return; } *data->total = data->count; } static int do_co_write_zeroes(int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { Coroutine *co; CoWriteZeroes data = { .offset = offset, .count = count, .total = total, .done = false, }; co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_write_zeroes_entry); qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data); while (!data.done) { qemu_aio_wait(); } if (data.ret < 0) { return data.ret; } else { return 1; } } static int do_write_compressed(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { int ret; ret = bdrv_write_compressed(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9); if (ret < 0) { return ret; } *total = count; return 1; } static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count); if (*total < 0) { return *total; } return 1; } static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total) { *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count); if (*total < 0) { return *total; } return 1; } #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret) { *(int *)opaque = ret; } static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total) { int async_ret = NOT_DONE; bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9, aio_rw_done, &async_ret); while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) { main_loop_wait(false); } *total = qiov->size; return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1; } static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total) { int async_ret = NOT_DONE; bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9, aio_rw_done, &async_ret); while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) { main_loop_wait(false); } *total = qiov->size; return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1; } struct multiwrite_async_ret { int num_done; int error; }; static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret) { struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque; async_ret->num_done++; if (ret < 0) { async_ret->error = ret; } } static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockRequest* reqs, int num_reqs, int *total) { int i, ret; struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = { .num_done = 0, .error = 0, }; *total = 0; for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) { reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb; reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret; *total += reqs[i].qiov->size; } ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs); if (ret < 0) { return ret; } while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) { main_loop_wait(false); } return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1; } static void read_help(void) { printf( "\n" " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n" "\n" " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n" " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n" " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n" " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n" " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n" " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n" "\n"); } static int read_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = { .name = "read", .altname = "r", .cfunc = read_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len", .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset", .help = read_help, }; static int read_f(int argc, char **argv) { struct timeval t1, t2; int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0; int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0; int c, cnt; char *buf; int64_t offset; int count; /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */ int total = 0; int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'b': bflag = 1; break; case 'C': Cflag = 1; break; case 'l': lflag = 1; pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg); if (pattern_count < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg); return 0; } break; case 'p': pflag = 1; break; case 'P': Pflag = 1; pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (pattern < 0) { return 0; } break; case 'q': qflag = 1; break; case 's': sflag = 1; pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg); if (pattern_offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg); return 0; } break; case 'v': vflag = 1; break; default: return command_usage(&read_cmd); } } if (optind != argc - 2) { return command_usage(&read_cmd); } if (bflag && pflag) { printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n"); return 0; } offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } optind++; count = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (count < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) { return command_usage(&read_cmd); } if (!lflag) { pattern_count = count - pattern_offset; } if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count)) { printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n"); return 0; } if (!pflag) { if (offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", offset); return 0; } if (count & 0x1ff) { printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n", count); return 0; } } buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab); gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); if (pflag) { cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total); } else if (bflag) { cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total); } else { cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total); } gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (cnt < 0) { printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt)); goto out; } if (Pflag) { void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count); memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count); if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) { printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %" PRId64 ", %d bytes\n", offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count); } g_free(cmp_buf); } if (qflag) { goto out; } if (vflag) { dump_buffer(buf, offset, count); } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, t1); print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag); out: qemu_io_free(buf); return 0; } static void readv_help(void) { printf( "\n" " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n" "\n" " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n" " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n" " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n" " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" "\n"); } static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = { .name = "readv", .cfunc = readv_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]", .oneline = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset", .help = readv_help, }; static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv) { struct timeval t1, t2; int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0; int c, cnt; char *buf; int64_t offset; /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */ int total = 0; int nr_iov; QEMUIOVector qiov; int pattern = 0; int Pflag = 0; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'C': Cflag = 1; break; case 'P': Pflag = 1; pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (pattern < 0) { return 0; } break; case 'q': qflag = 1; break; case 'v': vflag = 1; break; default: return command_usage(&readv_cmd); } } if (optind > argc - 2) { return command_usage(&readv_cmd); } offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } optind++; if (offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", offset); return 0; } nr_iov = argc - optind; buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab); if (buf == NULL) { return 0; } gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total); gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (cnt < 0) { printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt)); goto out; } if (Pflag) { void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size); memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size); if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) { printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %" PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size); } g_free(cmp_buf); } if (qflag) { goto out; } if (vflag) { dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size); } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, t1); print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag); out: qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov); qemu_io_free(buf); return 0; } static void write_help(void) { printf( "\n" " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n" "\n" " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n" " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n" " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n" " -c, -- write compressed data with bdrv_write_compressed\n" " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n" " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" " -z, -- write zeroes using bdrv_co_write_zeroes\n" "\n"); } static int write_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = { .name = "write", .altname = "w", .cfunc = write_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-bcCpqz] [-P pattern ] off len", .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset", .help = write_help, }; static int write_f(int argc, char **argv) { struct timeval t1, t2; int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0, Pflag = 0, zflag = 0; int cflag = 0; int c, cnt; char *buf = NULL; int64_t offset; int count; /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */ int total = 0; int pattern = 0xcd; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bcCpP:qz")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'b': bflag = 1; break; case 'c': cflag = 1; break; case 'C': Cflag = 1; break; case 'p': pflag = 1; break; case 'P': Pflag = 1; pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (pattern < 0) { return 0; } break; case 'q': qflag = 1; break; case 'z': zflag = 1; break; default: return command_usage(&write_cmd); } } if (optind != argc - 2) { return command_usage(&write_cmd); } if (bflag + pflag + zflag > 1) { printf("-b, -p, or -z cannot be specified at the same time\n"); return 0; } if (zflag && Pflag) { printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n"); return 0; } offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } optind++; count = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (count < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } if (!pflag) { if (offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", offset); return 0; } if (count & 0x1ff) { printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n", count); return 0; } } if (!zflag) { buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern); } gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); if (pflag) { cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total); } else if (bflag) { cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total); } else if (zflag) { cnt = do_co_write_zeroes(offset, count, &total); } else if (cflag) { cnt = do_write_compressed(buf, offset, count, &total); } else { cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total); } gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (cnt < 0) { printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt)); goto out; } if (qflag) { goto out; } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, t1); print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag); out: if (!zflag) { qemu_io_free(buf); } return 0; } static void writev_help(void) { printf( "\n" " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n" "\n" " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n" " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n" " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" "\n"); } static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = { .name = "writev", .cfunc = writev_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]", .oneline = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset", .help = writev_help, }; static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv) { struct timeval t1, t2; int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0; int c, cnt; char *buf; int64_t offset; /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */ int total = 0; int nr_iov; int pattern = 0xcd; QEMUIOVector qiov; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'C': Cflag = 1; break; case 'q': qflag = 1; break; case 'P': pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (pattern < 0) { return 0; } break; default: return command_usage(&writev_cmd); } } if (optind > argc - 2) { return command_usage(&writev_cmd); } offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } optind++; if (offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", offset); return 0; } nr_iov = argc - optind; buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern); if (buf == NULL) { return 0; } gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total); gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (cnt < 0) { printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt)); goto out; } if (qflag) { goto out; } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, t1); print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag); out: qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov); qemu_io_free(buf); return 0; } static void multiwrite_help(void) { printf( "\n" " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n" " in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k'\n" " writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n" "\n" " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n" " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n" " by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n" " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" "\n"); } static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = { .name = "multiwrite", .cfunc = multiwrite_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]", .oneline = "issues multiple write requests at once", .help = multiwrite_help, }; static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv) { struct timeval t1, t2; int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0; int c, cnt; char **buf; int64_t offset, first_offset = 0; /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized. */ int total = 0; int nr_iov; int nr_reqs; int pattern = 0xcd; QEMUIOVector *qiovs; int i; BlockRequest *reqs; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'C': Cflag = 1; break; case 'q': qflag = 1; break; case 'P': pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (pattern < 0) { return 0; } break; default: return command_usage(&writev_cmd); } } if (optind > argc - 2) { return command_usage(&writev_cmd); } nr_reqs = 1; for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) { if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) { nr_reqs++; } } reqs = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs)); buf = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf)); qiovs = g_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs)); for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs && optind < argc; i++) { int j; /* Read the offset of the request */ offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); goto out; } optind++; if (offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n", (long long)offset); goto out; } if (i == 0) { first_offset = offset; } /* Read lengths for qiov entries */ for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) { if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) { break; } } nr_iov = j - optind; /* Build request */ buf[i] = create_iovec(&qiovs[i], &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern); if (buf[i] == NULL) { goto out; } reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i]; reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9; reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9; optind = j + 1; pattern++; } /* If there were empty requests at the end, ignore them */ nr_reqs = i; gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(reqs, nr_reqs, &total); gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (cnt < 0) { printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt)); goto out; } if (qflag) { goto out; } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, t1); print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag); out: for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) { qemu_io_free(buf[i]); if (reqs[i].qiov != NULL) { qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]); } } g_free(buf); g_free(reqs); g_free(qiovs); return 0; } struct aio_ctx { QEMUIOVector qiov; int64_t offset; char *buf; int qflag; int vflag; int Cflag; int Pflag; int pattern; struct timeval t1; }; static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret) { struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque; struct timeval t2; gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (ret < 0) { printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret)); goto out; } if (ctx->qflag) { goto out; } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1); print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size, ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag); out: qemu_io_free(ctx->buf); qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov); g_free(ctx); } static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret) { struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque; struct timeval t2; gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (ret < 0) { printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret)); goto out; } if (ctx->Pflag) { void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size); memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size); if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) { printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %" PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size); } g_free(cmp_buf); } if (ctx->qflag) { goto out; } if (ctx->vflag) { dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size); } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1); print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size, ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag); out: qemu_io_free(ctx->buf); qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov); g_free(ctx); } static void aio_read_help(void) { printf( "\n" " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n" "\n" " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n" " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n" " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n" " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n" " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" "\n"); } static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = { .name = "aio_read", .cfunc = aio_read_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]", .oneline = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes", .help = aio_read_help, }; static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv) { int nr_iov, c; struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1); while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'C': ctx->Cflag = 1; break; case 'P': ctx->Pflag = 1; ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (ctx->pattern < 0) { g_free(ctx); return 0; } break; case 'q': ctx->qflag = 1; break; case 'v': ctx->vflag = 1; break; default: g_free(ctx); return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd); } } if (optind > argc - 2) { g_free(ctx); return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd); } ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (ctx->offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); g_free(ctx); return 0; } optind++; if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", ctx->offset); g_free(ctx); return 0; } nr_iov = argc - optind; ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab); if (ctx->buf == NULL) { g_free(ctx); return 0; } gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL); bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov, ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx); return 0; } static void aio_write_help(void) { printf( "\n" " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n" " from multiple buffers\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n" "\n" " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n" " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n" " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n" " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n" " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" "\n"); } static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = { .name = "aio_write", .cfunc = aio_write_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]", .oneline = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes", .help = aio_write_help, }; static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv) { int nr_iov, c; int pattern = 0xcd; struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1); while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'C': ctx->Cflag = 1; break; case 'q': ctx->qflag = 1; break; case 'P': pattern = parse_pattern(optarg); if (pattern < 0) { g_free(ctx); return 0; } break; default: g_free(ctx); return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd); } } if (optind > argc - 2) { g_free(ctx); return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd); } ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (ctx->offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); g_free(ctx); return 0; } optind++; if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", ctx->offset); g_free(ctx); return 0; } nr_iov = argc - optind; ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern); if (ctx->buf == NULL) { g_free(ctx); return 0; } gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL); bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov, ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx); return 0; } static int aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv) { bdrv_drain_all(); return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = { .name = "aio_flush", .cfunc = aio_flush_f, .oneline = "completes all outstanding aio requests" }; static int flush_f(int argc, char **argv) { bdrv_flush(bs); return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = { .name = "flush", .altname = "f", .cfunc = flush_f, .oneline = "flush all in-core file state to disk", }; static int truncate_f(int argc, char **argv) { int64_t offset; int ret; offset = cvtnum(argv[1]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]); return 0; } ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset); if (ret < 0) { printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret)); return 0; } return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = { .name = "truncate", .altname = "t", .cfunc = truncate_f, .argmin = 1, .argmax = 1, .args = "off", .oneline = "truncates the current file at the given offset", }; static int length_f(int argc, char **argv) { int64_t size; char s1[64]; size = bdrv_getlength(bs); if (size < 0) { printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size)); return 0; } cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1)); printf("%s\n", s1); return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = { .name = "length", .altname = "l", .cfunc = length_f, .oneline = "gets the length of the current file", }; static int info_f(int argc, char **argv) { BlockDriverInfo bdi; char s1[64], s2[64]; int ret; if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) { printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name); } if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) { printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name); } ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi); if (ret) { return 0; } cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1)); cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2)); printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1); printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2); return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = { .name = "info", .altname = "i", .cfunc = info_f, .oneline = "prints information about the current file", }; static void discard_help(void) { printf( "\n" " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n" "\n" " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n" " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n" " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n" "\n"); } static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = { .name = "discard", .altname = "d", .cfunc = discard_f, .argmin = 2, .argmax = -1, .args = "[-Cq] off len", .oneline = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset", .help = discard_help, }; static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv) { struct timeval t1, t2; int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0; int c, ret; int64_t offset; int count; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 'C': Cflag = 1; break; case 'q': qflag = 1; break; default: return command_usage(&discard_cmd); } } if (optind != argc - 2) { return command_usage(&discard_cmd); } offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (offset < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } optind++; count = cvtnum(argv[optind]); if (count < 0) { printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]); return 0; } gettimeofday(&t1, NULL); ret = bdrv_discard(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS, count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS); gettimeofday(&t2, NULL); if (ret < 0) { printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret)); goto out; } /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */ if (!qflag) { t2 = tsub(t2, t1); print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag); } out: return 0; } static int alloc_f(int argc, char **argv) { int64_t offset, sector_num; int nb_sectors, remaining; char s1[64]; int num, sum_alloc; int ret; offset = cvtnum(argv[1]); if (offset & 0x1ff) { printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n", offset); return 0; } if (argc == 3) { nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]); } else { nb_sectors = 1; } remaining = nb_sectors; sum_alloc = 0; sector_num = offset >> 9; while (remaining) { ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, remaining, &num); sector_num += num; remaining -= num; if (ret) { sum_alloc += num; } if (num == 0) { nb_sectors -= remaining; remaining = 0; } } cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1)); printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n", sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1); return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = { .name = "alloc", .altname = "a", .argmin = 1, .argmax = 2, .cfunc = alloc_f, .args = "off [sectors]", .oneline = "checks if a sector is present in the file", }; static int map_f(int argc, char **argv) { int64_t offset; int64_t nb_sectors; char s1[64]; int num, num_checked; int ret; const char *retstr; offset = 0; nb_sectors = bs->total_sectors; do { num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX); ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num); retstr = ret ? " allocated" : "not allocated"; cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1)); printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8d/% 8d sectors %s at offset %s (%d)\n", offset << 9ULL, num, num_checked, retstr, s1, ret); offset += num; nb_sectors -= num; } while (offset < bs->total_sectors); return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = { .name = "map", .argmin = 0, .argmax = 0, .cfunc = map_f, .args = "", .oneline = "prints the allocated areas of a file", }; static int break_f(int argc, char **argv) { int ret; ret = bdrv_debug_breakpoint(bs, argv[1], argv[2]); if (ret < 0) { printf("Could not set breakpoint: %s\n", strerror(-ret)); } return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t break_cmd = { .name = "break", .argmin = 2, .argmax = 2, .cfunc = break_f, .args = "event tag", .oneline = "sets a breakpoint on event and tags the stopped " "request as tag", }; static int resume_f(int argc, char **argv) { int ret; ret = bdrv_debug_resume(bs, argv[1]); if (ret < 0) { printf("Could not resume request: %s\n", strerror(-ret)); } return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t resume_cmd = { .name = "resume", .argmin = 1, .argmax = 1, .cfunc = resume_f, .args = "tag", .oneline = "resumes the request tagged as tag", }; static int wait_break_f(int argc, char **argv) { while (!bdrv_debug_is_suspended(bs, argv[1])) { qemu_aio_wait(); } return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t wait_break_cmd = { .name = "wait_break", .argmin = 1, .argmax = 1, .cfunc = wait_break_f, .args = "tag", .oneline = "waits for the suspension of a request", }; static int abort_f(int argc, char **argv) { abort(); } static const cmdinfo_t abort_cmd = { .name = "abort", .cfunc = abort_f, .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK, .oneline = "simulate a program crash using abort(3)", }; static int close_f(int argc, char **argv) { bdrv_delete(bs); bs = NULL; return 0; } static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = { .name = "close", .altname = "c", .cfunc = close_f, .oneline = "close the current open file", }; static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable) { if (bs) { fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n"); return 1; } if (growable) { if (bdrv_file_open(&bs, name, flags)) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name); return 1; } } else { bs = bdrv_new("hda"); if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags, NULL) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name); bdrv_delete(bs); bs = NULL; return 1; } } return 0; } static void open_help(void) { printf( "\n" " opens a new file in the requested mode\n" "\n" " Example:\n" " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n" "\n" " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n" " -r, -- open file read-only\n" " -s, -- use snapshot file\n" " -n, -- disable host cache\n" " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)" "\n"); } static int open_f(int argc, char **argv); static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = { .name = "open", .altname = "o", .cfunc = open_f, .argmin = 1, .argmax = -1, .flags = CMD_NOFILE_OK, .args = "[-Crsn] [path]", .oneline = "open the file specified by path", .help = open_help, }; static int open_f(int argc, char **argv) { int flags = 0; int readonly = 0; int growable = 0; int c; while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrg")) != EOF) { switch (c) { case 's': flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT; break; case 'n': flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB; break; case 'r': readonly = 1; break; case 'g': growable = 1; break; default: return command_usage(&open_cmd); } } if (!readonly) { flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR; } if (optind != argc - 1) { return command_usage(&open_cmd); } return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable); } static int init_args_command(int index) { /* only one device allowed so far */ if (index >= 1) { return 0; } return ++index; } static int init_check_command(const cmdinfo_t *ct) { if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) { return 1; } if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) { fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n"); return 0; } return 1; } static void usage(const char *name) { printf( "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n" "QEMU Disk exerciser\n" "\n" " -c, --cmd command to execute\n" " -r, --read-only export read-only\n" " -s, --snapshot use snapshot file\n" " -n, --nocache disable host cache\n" " -g, --growable allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n" " -m, --misalign misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n" " -k, --native-aio use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n" " -t, --cache=MODE use the given cache mode for the image\n" " -T, --trace FILE enable trace events listed in the given file\n" " -h, --help display this help and exit\n" " -V, --version output version information and exit\n" "\n", name); } int main(int argc, char **argv) { int readonly = 0; int growable = 0; const char *sopt = "hVc:d:rsnmgkt:T:"; const struct option lopt[] = { { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' }, { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' }, { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' }, { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' }, { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' }, { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' }, { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' }, { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' }, { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' }, { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' }, { "discard", 1, NULL, 'd' }, { "cache", 1, NULL, 't' }, { "trace", 1, NULL, 'T' }, { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 } }; int c; int opt_index = 0; int flags = BDRV_O_UNMAP; progname = basename(argv[0]); while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) { switch (c) { case 's': flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT; break; case 'n': flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB; break; case 'd': if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) { error_report("Invalid discard option: %s", optarg); exit(1); } break; case 'c': add_user_command(optarg); break; case 'r': readonly = 1; break; case 'm': misalign = 1; break; case 'g': growable = 1; break; case 'k': flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO; break; case 't': if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) { error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg); exit(1); } break; case 'T': if (!trace_backend_init(optarg, NULL)) { exit(1); /* error message will have been printed */ } break; case 'V': printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION); exit(0); case 'h': usage(progname); exit(0); default: usage(progname); exit(1); } } if ((argc - optind) > 1) { usage(progname); exit(1); } qemu_init_main_loop(); bdrv_init(); /* initialize commands */ quit_init(); help_init(); add_command(&open_cmd); add_command(&close_cmd); add_command(&read_cmd); add_command(&readv_cmd); add_command(&write_cmd); add_command(&writev_cmd); add_command(&multiwrite_cmd); add_command(&aio_read_cmd); add_command(&aio_write_cmd); add_command(&aio_flush_cmd); add_command(&flush_cmd); add_command(&truncate_cmd); add_command(&length_cmd); add_command(&info_cmd); add_command(&discard_cmd); add_command(&alloc_cmd); add_command(&map_cmd); add_command(&break_cmd); add_command(&resume_cmd); add_command(&wait_break_cmd); add_command(&abort_cmd); add_args_command(init_args_command); add_check_command(init_check_command); /* open the device */ if (!readonly) { flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR; } if ((argc - optind) == 1) { openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable); } command_loop(); /* * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits. */ bdrv_drain_all(); if (bs) { bdrv_delete(bs); } return 0; }