/* * QEMU host block devices * * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or * later. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. * * This file incorporates work covered by the following copyright and * permission notice: * * Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard * * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: * * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in * all copies or substantial portions of the Software. * * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN * THE SOFTWARE. */ #include "sysemu/blockdev.h" #include "hw/block/block.h" #include "block/blockjob.h" #include "monitor/monitor.h" #include "qapi/qmp/qerror.h" #include "qemu/option.h" #include "qemu/config-file.h" #include "qapi/qmp/types.h" #include "sysemu/sysemu.h" #include "block/block_int.h" #include "qmp-commands.h" #include "trace.h" #include "sysemu/arch_init.h" static QTAILQ_HEAD(drivelist, DriveInfo) drives = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(drives); extern QemuOptsList qemu_common_drive_opts; static const char *const if_name[IF_COUNT] = { [IF_NONE] = "none", [IF_IDE] = "ide", [IF_SCSI] = "scsi", [IF_FLOPPY] = "floppy", [IF_PFLASH] = "pflash", [IF_MTD] = "mtd", [IF_SD] = "sd", [IF_VIRTIO] = "virtio", [IF_XEN] = "xen", }; static const int if_max_devs[IF_COUNT] = { /* * Do not change these numbers! They govern how drive option * index maps to unit and bus. That mapping is ABI. * * All controllers used to imlement if=T drives need to support * if_max_devs[T] units, for any T with if_max_devs[T] != 0. * Otherwise, some index values map to "impossible" bus, unit * values. * * For instance, if you change [IF_SCSI] to 255, -drive * if=scsi,index=12 no longer means bus=1,unit=5, but * bus=0,unit=12. With an lsi53c895a controller (7 units max), * the drive can't be set up. Regression. */ [IF_IDE] = 2, [IF_SCSI] = 7, }; /* * We automatically delete the drive when a device using it gets * unplugged. Questionable feature, but we can't just drop it. * Device models call blockdev_mark_auto_del() to schedule the * automatic deletion, and generic qdev code calls blockdev_auto_del() * when deletion is actually safe. */ void blockdev_mark_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs) { DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs); if (bs->job) { block_job_cancel(bs->job); } if (dinfo) { dinfo->auto_del = 1; } } void blockdev_auto_del(BlockDriverState *bs) { DriveInfo *dinfo = drive_get_by_blockdev(bs); if (dinfo && dinfo->auto_del) { drive_put_ref(dinfo); } } static int drive_index_to_bus_id(BlockInterfaceType type, int index) { int max_devs = if_max_devs[type]; return max_devs ? index / max_devs : 0; } static int drive_index_to_unit_id(BlockInterfaceType type, int index) { int max_devs = if_max_devs[type]; return max_devs ? index % max_devs : index; } QemuOpts *drive_def(const char *optstr) { return qemu_opts_parse(qemu_find_opts("drive"), optstr, 0); } QemuOpts *drive_add(BlockInterfaceType type, int index, const char *file, const char *optstr) { QemuOpts *opts; char buf[32]; opts = drive_def(optstr); if (!opts) { return NULL; } if (type != IF_DEFAULT) { qemu_opt_set(opts, "if", if_name[type]); } if (index >= 0) { snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d", index); qemu_opt_set(opts, "index", buf); } if (file) qemu_opt_set(opts, "file", file); return opts; } DriveInfo *drive_get(BlockInterfaceType type, int bus, int unit) { DriveInfo *dinfo; /* seek interface, bus and unit */ QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) { if (dinfo->type == type && dinfo->bus == bus && dinfo->unit == unit) return dinfo; } return NULL; } DriveInfo *drive_get_by_index(BlockInterfaceType type, int index) { return drive_get(type, drive_index_to_bus_id(type, index), drive_index_to_unit_id(type, index)); } int drive_get_max_bus(BlockInterfaceType type) { int max_bus; DriveInfo *dinfo; max_bus = -1; QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) { if(dinfo->type == type && dinfo->bus > max_bus) max_bus = dinfo->bus; } return max_bus; } /* Get a block device. This should only be used for single-drive devices (e.g. SD/Floppy/MTD). Multi-disk devices (scsi/ide) should use the appropriate bus. */ DriveInfo *drive_get_next(BlockInterfaceType type) { static int next_block_unit[IF_COUNT]; return drive_get(type, 0, next_block_unit[type]++); } DriveInfo *drive_get_by_blockdev(BlockDriverState *bs) { DriveInfo *dinfo; QTAILQ_FOREACH(dinfo, &drives, next) { if (dinfo->bdrv == bs) { return dinfo; } } return NULL; } static void bdrv_format_print(void *opaque, const char *name) { error_printf(" %s", name); } static void drive_uninit(DriveInfo *dinfo) { qemu_opts_del(dinfo->opts); bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv); g_free(dinfo->id); QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next); g_free(dinfo->serial); g_free(dinfo); } void drive_put_ref(DriveInfo *dinfo) { assert(dinfo->refcount); if (--dinfo->refcount == 0) { drive_uninit(dinfo); } } void drive_get_ref(DriveInfo *dinfo) { dinfo->refcount++; } typedef struct { QEMUBH *bh; DriveInfo *dinfo; } DrivePutRefBH; static void drive_put_ref_bh(void *opaque) { DrivePutRefBH *s = opaque; drive_put_ref(s->dinfo); qemu_bh_delete(s->bh); g_free(s); } /* * Release a drive reference in a BH * * It is not possible to use drive_put_ref() from a callback function when the * callers still need the drive. In such cases we schedule a BH to release the * reference. */ static void drive_put_ref_bh_schedule(DriveInfo *dinfo) { DrivePutRefBH *s; s = g_new(DrivePutRefBH, 1); s->bh = qemu_bh_new(drive_put_ref_bh, s); s->dinfo = dinfo; qemu_bh_schedule(s->bh); } static int parse_block_error_action(const char *buf, bool is_read) { if (!strcmp(buf, "ignore")) { return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_IGNORE; } else if (!is_read && !strcmp(buf, "enospc")) { return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_ENOSPC; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "stop")) { return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_STOP; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "report")) { return BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT; } else { error_report("'%s' invalid %s error action", buf, is_read ? "read" : "write"); return -1; } } static bool do_check_io_limits(BlockIOLimit *io_limits, Error **errp) { bool bps_flag; bool iops_flag; assert(io_limits); bps_flag = (io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] != 0) && ((io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] != 0) || (io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] != 0)); iops_flag = (io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] != 0) && ((io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] != 0) || (io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] != 0)); if (bps_flag || iops_flag) { error_setg(errp, "bps(iops) and bps_rd/bps_wr(iops_rd/iops_wr) " "cannot be used at the same time"); return false; } if (io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] < 0 || io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] < 0 || io_limits->bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] < 0 || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] < 0 || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] < 0 || io_limits->iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] < 0) { error_setg(errp, "bps and iops values must be 0 or greater"); return false; } return true; } DriveInfo *drive_init(QemuOpts *all_opts, BlockInterfaceType block_default_type) { const char *buf; const char *file = NULL; const char *serial; const char *mediastr = ""; BlockInterfaceType type; enum { MEDIA_DISK, MEDIA_CDROM } media; int bus_id, unit_id; int cyls, heads, secs, translation; BlockDriver *drv = NULL; int max_devs; int index; int ro = 0; int bdrv_flags = 0; int on_read_error, on_write_error; const char *devaddr; DriveInfo *dinfo; BlockIOLimit io_limits; int snapshot = 0; bool copy_on_read; int ret; Error *error = NULL; QemuOpts *opts; QDict *bs_opts; const char *id; translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO; media = MEDIA_DISK; /* Check common options by copying from all_opts to opts, all other options * are stored in bs_opts. */ id = qemu_opts_id(all_opts); opts = qemu_opts_create(&qemu_common_drive_opts, id, 1, &error); if (error_is_set(&error)) { qerror_report_err(error); error_free(error); return NULL; } bs_opts = qdict_new(); qemu_opts_to_qdict(all_opts, bs_opts); qemu_opts_absorb_qdict(opts, bs_opts, &error); if (error_is_set(&error)) { qerror_report_err(error); error_free(error); return NULL; } if (id) { qdict_del(bs_opts, "id"); } /* extract parameters */ bus_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bus", 0); unit_id = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "unit", -1); index = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "index", -1); cyls = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "cyls", 0); heads = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "heads", 0); secs = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "secs", 0); snapshot = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "snapshot", 0); ro = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "readonly", 0); copy_on_read = qemu_opt_get_bool(opts, "copy-on-read", false); file = qemu_opt_get(opts, "file"); serial = qemu_opt_get(opts, "serial"); if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "if")) != NULL) { for (type = 0; type < IF_COUNT && strcmp(buf, if_name[type]); type++) ; if (type == IF_COUNT) { error_report("unsupported bus type '%s'", buf); return NULL; } } else { type = block_default_type; } max_devs = if_max_devs[type]; if (cyls || heads || secs) { if (cyls < 1) { error_report("invalid physical cyls number"); return NULL; } if (heads < 1) { error_report("invalid physical heads number"); return NULL; } if (secs < 1) { error_report("invalid physical secs number"); return NULL; } } if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "trans")) != NULL) { if (!cyls) { error_report("'%s' trans must be used with cyls, heads and secs", buf); return NULL; } if (!strcmp(buf, "none")) translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_NONE; else if (!strcmp(buf, "lba")) translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_LBA; else if (!strcmp(buf, "auto")) translation = BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO; else { error_report("'%s' invalid translation type", buf); return NULL; } } if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "media")) != NULL) { if (!strcmp(buf, "disk")) { media = MEDIA_DISK; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "cdrom")) { if (cyls || secs || heads) { error_report("CHS can't be set with media=%s", buf); return NULL; } media = MEDIA_CDROM; } else { error_report("'%s' invalid media", buf); return NULL; } } if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "discard")) != NULL) { if (bdrv_parse_discard_flags(buf, &bdrv_flags) != 0) { error_report("invalid discard option"); return NULL; } } bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_CACHE_WB; if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "cache")) != NULL) { if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(buf, &bdrv_flags) != 0) { error_report("invalid cache option"); return NULL; } } #ifdef CONFIG_LINUX_AIO if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "aio")) != NULL) { if (!strcmp(buf, "native")) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO; } else if (!strcmp(buf, "threads")) { /* this is the default */ } else { error_report("invalid aio option"); return NULL; } } #endif if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "format")) != NULL) { if (is_help_option(buf)) { error_printf("Supported formats:"); bdrv_iterate_format(bdrv_format_print, NULL); error_printf("\n"); return NULL; } drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(buf, ro); if (!drv) { error_report("'%s' invalid format", buf); return NULL; } } /* disk I/O throttling */ io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bps", 0); io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bps_rd", 0); io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "bps_wr", 0); io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "iops", 0); io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "iops_rd", 0); io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] = qemu_opt_get_number(opts, "iops_wr", 0); if (!do_check_io_limits(&io_limits, &error)) { error_report("%s", error_get_pretty(error)); error_free(error); return NULL; } if (qemu_opt_get(opts, "boot") != NULL) { fprintf(stderr, "qemu-kvm: boot=on|off is deprecated and will be " "ignored. Future versions will reject this parameter. Please " "update your scripts.\n"); } on_write_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_ENOSPC; if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "werror")) != NULL) { if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_NONE) { error_report("werror is not supported by this bus type"); return NULL; } on_write_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 0); if (on_write_error < 0) { return NULL; } } on_read_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT; if ((buf = qemu_opt_get(opts, "rerror")) != NULL) { if (type != IF_IDE && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_NONE) { error_report("rerror is not supported by this bus type"); return NULL; } on_read_error = parse_block_error_action(buf, 1); if (on_read_error < 0) { return NULL; } } if ((devaddr = qemu_opt_get(opts, "addr")) != NULL) { if (type != IF_VIRTIO) { error_report("addr is not supported by this bus type"); return NULL; } } /* compute bus and unit according index */ if (index != -1) { if (bus_id != 0 || unit_id != -1) { error_report("index cannot be used with bus and unit"); return NULL; } bus_id = drive_index_to_bus_id(type, index); unit_id = drive_index_to_unit_id(type, index); } /* if user doesn't specify a unit_id, * try to find the first free */ if (unit_id == -1) { unit_id = 0; while (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) { unit_id++; if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) { unit_id -= max_devs; bus_id++; } } } /* check unit id */ if (max_devs && unit_id >= max_devs) { error_report("unit %d too big (max is %d)", unit_id, max_devs - 1); return NULL; } /* * catch multiple definitions */ if (drive_get(type, bus_id, unit_id) != NULL) { error_report("drive with bus=%d, unit=%d (index=%d) exists", bus_id, unit_id, index); return NULL; } /* init */ dinfo = g_malloc0(sizeof(*dinfo)); if ((buf = qemu_opts_id(opts)) != NULL) { dinfo->id = g_strdup(buf); } else { /* no id supplied -> create one */ dinfo->id = g_malloc0(32); if (type == IF_IDE || type == IF_SCSI) mediastr = (media == MEDIA_CDROM) ? "-cd" : "-hd"; if (max_devs) snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%i%s%i", if_name[type], bus_id, mediastr, unit_id); else snprintf(dinfo->id, 32, "%s%s%i", if_name[type], mediastr, unit_id); } dinfo->bdrv = bdrv_new(dinfo->id); dinfo->bdrv->open_flags = snapshot ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0; dinfo->bdrv->read_only = ro; dinfo->devaddr = devaddr; dinfo->type = type; dinfo->bus = bus_id; dinfo->unit = unit_id; dinfo->cyls = cyls; dinfo->heads = heads; dinfo->secs = secs; dinfo->trans = translation; dinfo->opts = all_opts; dinfo->refcount = 1; if (serial != NULL) { dinfo->serial = g_strdup(serial); } QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&drives, dinfo, next); bdrv_set_on_error(dinfo->bdrv, on_read_error, on_write_error); /* disk I/O throttling */ bdrv_set_io_limits(dinfo->bdrv, &io_limits); switch(type) { case IF_IDE: case IF_SCSI: case IF_XEN: case IF_NONE: dinfo->media_cd = media == MEDIA_CDROM; break; case IF_SD: case IF_FLOPPY: case IF_PFLASH: case IF_MTD: break; case IF_VIRTIO: { /* add virtio block device */ QemuOpts *devopts; devopts = qemu_opts_create_nofail(qemu_find_opts("device")); if (arch_type == QEMU_ARCH_S390X) { qemu_opt_set(devopts, "driver", "virtio-blk-s390"); } else { qemu_opt_set(devopts, "driver", "virtio-blk-pci"); } qemu_opt_set(devopts, "drive", dinfo->id); if (devaddr) qemu_opt_set(devopts, "addr", devaddr); break; } default: abort(); } if (!file || !*file) { if (qdict_size(bs_opts)) { file = NULL; } else { return dinfo; } } if (snapshot) { /* always use cache=unsafe with snapshot */ bdrv_flags &= ~BDRV_O_CACHE_MASK; bdrv_flags |= (BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT|BDRV_O_CACHE_WB|BDRV_O_NO_FLUSH); } if (copy_on_read) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_COPY_ON_READ; } if (runstate_check(RUN_STATE_INMIGRATE)) { bdrv_flags |= BDRV_O_INCOMING; } if (media == MEDIA_CDROM) { /* CDROM is fine for any interface, don't check. */ ro = 1; } else if (ro == 1) { if (type != IF_SCSI && type != IF_VIRTIO && type != IF_FLOPPY && type != IF_NONE && type != IF_PFLASH) { error_report("readonly not supported by this bus type"); goto err; } } bdrv_flags |= ro ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR; if (ro && copy_on_read) { error_report("warning: disabling copy_on_read on readonly drive"); } ret = bdrv_open(dinfo->bdrv, file, bs_opts, bdrv_flags, drv); bs_opts = NULL; if (ret < 0) { if (ret == -EMEDIUMTYPE) { error_report("could not open disk image %s: not in %s format", file ?: dinfo->id, drv->format_name); } else { error_report("could not open disk image %s: %s", file ?: dinfo->id, strerror(-ret)); } goto err; } if (bdrv_key_required(dinfo->bdrv)) autostart = 0; qemu_opts_del(opts); return dinfo; err: qemu_opts_del(opts); QDECREF(bs_opts); bdrv_delete(dinfo->bdrv); g_free(dinfo->id); QTAILQ_REMOVE(&drives, dinfo, next); g_free(dinfo); return NULL; } void do_commit(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict) { const char *device = qdict_get_str(qdict, "device"); BlockDriverState *bs; int ret; if (!strcmp(device, "all")) { ret = bdrv_commit_all(); } else { bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { monitor_printf(mon, "Device '%s' not found\n", device); return; } ret = bdrv_commit(bs); } if (ret < 0) { monitor_printf(mon, "'commit' error for '%s': %s\n", device, strerror(-ret)); } } static void blockdev_do_action(int kind, void *data, Error **errp) { TransactionAction action; TransactionActionList list; action.kind = kind; action.data = data; list.value = &action; list.next = NULL; qmp_transaction(&list, errp); } void qmp_blockdev_snapshot_sync(const char *device, const char *snapshot_file, bool has_format, const char *format, bool has_mode, enum NewImageMode mode, Error **errp) { BlockdevSnapshot snapshot = { .device = (char *) device, .snapshot_file = (char *) snapshot_file, .has_format = has_format, .format = (char *) format, .has_mode = has_mode, .mode = mode, }; blockdev_do_action(TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC, &snapshot, errp); } /* New and old BlockDriverState structs for group snapshots */ typedef struct BlkTransactionStates BlkTransactionStates; /* Only prepare() may fail. In a single transaction, only one of commit() or abort() will be called, clean() will always be called if it present. */ typedef struct BdrvActionOps { /* Size of state struct, in bytes. */ size_t instance_size; /* Prepare the work, must NOT be NULL. */ void (*prepare)(BlkTransactionStates *common, Error **errp); /* Commit the changes, must NOT be NULL. */ void (*commit)(BlkTransactionStates *common); /* Abort the changes on fail, can be NULL. */ void (*abort)(BlkTransactionStates *common); /* Clean up resource in the end, can be NULL. */ void (*clean)(BlkTransactionStates *common); } BdrvActionOps; /* * This structure must be arranged as first member in child type, assuming * that compiler will also arrange it to the same address with parent instance. * Later it will be used in free(). */ struct BlkTransactionStates { TransactionAction *action; const BdrvActionOps *ops; QSIMPLEQ_ENTRY(BlkTransactionStates) entry; }; /* external snapshot private data */ typedef struct ExternalSnapshotStates { BlkTransactionStates common; BlockDriverState *old_bs; BlockDriverState *new_bs; } ExternalSnapshotStates; static void external_snapshot_prepare(BlkTransactionStates *common, Error **errp) { BlockDriver *proto_drv; BlockDriver *drv; int flags, ret; Error *local_err = NULL; const char *device; const char *new_image_file; const char *format = "qcow2"; enum NewImageMode mode = NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS; ExternalSnapshotStates *states = DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotStates, common, common); TransactionAction *action = common->action; /* get parameters */ g_assert(action->kind == TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC); device = action->blockdev_snapshot_sync->device; new_image_file = action->blockdev_snapshot_sync->snapshot_file; if (action->blockdev_snapshot_sync->has_format) { format = action->blockdev_snapshot_sync->format; } if (action->blockdev_snapshot_sync->has_mode) { mode = action->blockdev_snapshot_sync->mode; } /* start processing */ drv = bdrv_find_format(format); if (!drv) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); return; } states->old_bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!states->old_bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } if (!bdrv_is_inserted(states->old_bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_HAS_NO_MEDIUM, device); return; } if (bdrv_in_use(states->old_bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device); return; } if (!bdrv_is_read_only(states->old_bs)) { if (bdrv_flush(states->old_bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_IO_ERROR); return; } } flags = states->old_bs->open_flags; proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(new_image_file); if (!proto_drv) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); return; } /* create new image w/backing file */ if (mode != NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING) { bdrv_img_create(new_image_file, format, states->old_bs->filename, states->old_bs->drv->format_name, NULL, -1, flags, &local_err, false); if (error_is_set(&local_err)) { error_propagate(errp, local_err); return; } } /* We will manually add the backing_hd field to the bs later */ states->new_bs = bdrv_new(""); /* TODO Inherit bs->options or only take explicit options with an * extended QMP command? */ ret = bdrv_open(states->new_bs, new_image_file, NULL, flags | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, drv); if (ret != 0) { error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, new_image_file); } } static void external_snapshot_commit(BlkTransactionStates *common) { ExternalSnapshotStates *states = DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotStates, common, common); /* This removes our old bs from the bdrv_states, and adds the new bs */ bdrv_append(states->new_bs, states->old_bs); /* We don't need (or want) to use the transactional * bdrv_reopen_multiple() across all the entries at once, because we * don't want to abort all of them if one of them fails the reopen */ bdrv_reopen(states->new_bs, states->new_bs->open_flags & ~BDRV_O_RDWR, NULL); } static void external_snapshot_abort(BlkTransactionStates *common) { ExternalSnapshotStates *states = DO_UPCAST(ExternalSnapshotStates, common, common); if (states->new_bs) { bdrv_delete(states->new_bs); } } static const BdrvActionOps actions[] = { [TRANSACTION_ACTION_KIND_BLOCKDEV_SNAPSHOT_SYNC] = { .instance_size = sizeof(ExternalSnapshotStates), .prepare = external_snapshot_prepare, .commit = external_snapshot_commit, .abort = external_snapshot_abort, }, }; /* * 'Atomic' group snapshots. The snapshots are taken as a set, and if any fail * then we do not pivot any of the devices in the group, and abandon the * snapshots */ void qmp_transaction(TransactionActionList *dev_list, Error **errp) { TransactionActionList *dev_entry = dev_list; BlkTransactionStates *states, *next; Error *local_err = NULL; QSIMPLEQ_HEAD(snap_bdrv_states, BlkTransactionStates) snap_bdrv_states; QSIMPLEQ_INIT(&snap_bdrv_states); /* drain all i/o before any snapshots */ bdrv_drain_all(); /* We don't do anything in this loop that commits us to the snapshot */ while (NULL != dev_entry) { TransactionAction *dev_info = NULL; const BdrvActionOps *ops; dev_info = dev_entry->value; dev_entry = dev_entry->next; assert(dev_info->kind < ARRAY_SIZE(actions)); ops = &actions[dev_info->kind]; states = g_malloc0(ops->instance_size); states->ops = ops; states->action = dev_info; QSIMPLEQ_INSERT_TAIL(&snap_bdrv_states, states, entry); states->ops->prepare(states, &local_err); if (error_is_set(&local_err)) { error_propagate(errp, local_err); goto delete_and_fail; } } QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(states, &snap_bdrv_states, entry) { states->ops->commit(states); } /* success */ goto exit; delete_and_fail: /* * failure, and it is all-or-none; abandon each new bs, and keep using * the original bs for all images */ QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH(states, &snap_bdrv_states, entry) { if (states->ops->abort) { states->ops->abort(states); } } exit: QSIMPLEQ_FOREACH_SAFE(states, &snap_bdrv_states, entry, next) { if (states->ops->clean) { states->ops->clean(states); } g_free(states); } } static void eject_device(BlockDriverState *bs, int force, Error **errp) { if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return; } if (!bdrv_dev_has_removable_media(bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_REMOVABLE, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return; } if (bdrv_dev_is_medium_locked(bs) && !bdrv_dev_is_tray_open(bs)) { bdrv_dev_eject_request(bs, force); if (!force) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_LOCKED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return; } } bdrv_close(bs); } void qmp_eject(const char *device, bool has_force, bool force, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } eject_device(bs, force, errp); } void qmp_block_passwd(const char *device, const char *password, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; int err; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } err = bdrv_set_key(bs, password); if (err == -EINVAL) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); return; } else if (err < 0) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD); return; } } static void qmp_bdrv_open_encrypted(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *filename, int bdrv_flags, BlockDriver *drv, const char *password, Error **errp) { if (bdrv_open(bs, filename, NULL, bdrv_flags, drv) < 0) { error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, filename); return; } if (bdrv_key_required(bs)) { if (password) { if (bdrv_set_key(bs, password) < 0) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PASSWORD); } } else { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs), bdrv_get_encrypted_filename(bs)); } } else if (password) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_ENCRYPTED, bdrv_get_device_name(bs)); } } void qmp_change_blockdev(const char *device, const char *filename, bool has_format, const char *format, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; BlockDriver *drv = NULL; int bdrv_flags; Error *err = NULL; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } if (format) { drv = bdrv_find_whitelisted_format(format, bs->read_only); if (!drv) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); return; } } eject_device(bs, 0, &err); if (error_is_set(&err)) { error_propagate(errp, err); return; } bdrv_flags = bdrv_is_read_only(bs) ? 0 : BDRV_O_RDWR; bdrv_flags |= bdrv_is_snapshot(bs) ? BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT : 0; qmp_bdrv_open_encrypted(bs, filename, bdrv_flags, drv, NULL, errp); } /* throttling disk I/O limits */ void qmp_block_set_io_throttle(const char *device, int64_t bps, int64_t bps_rd, int64_t bps_wr, int64_t iops, int64_t iops_rd, int64_t iops_wr, Error **errp) { BlockIOLimit io_limits; BlockDriverState *bs; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL] = bps; io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] = bps_rd; io_limits.bps[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE] = bps_wr; io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_TOTAL]= iops; io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_READ] = iops_rd; io_limits.iops[BLOCK_IO_LIMIT_WRITE]= iops_wr; if (!do_check_io_limits(&io_limits, errp)) { return; } bs->io_limits = io_limits; if (!bs->io_limits_enabled && bdrv_io_limits_enabled(bs)) { bdrv_io_limits_enable(bs); } else if (bs->io_limits_enabled && !bdrv_io_limits_enabled(bs)) { bdrv_io_limits_disable(bs); } else { if (bs->block_timer) { qemu_mod_timer(bs->block_timer, qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock)); } } } int do_drive_del(Monitor *mon, const QDict *qdict, QObject **ret_data) { const char *id = qdict_get_str(qdict, "id"); BlockDriverState *bs; bs = bdrv_find(id); if (!bs) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, id); return -1; } if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) { qerror_report(QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, id); return -1; } /* quiesce block driver; prevent further io */ bdrv_drain_all(); bdrv_flush(bs); bdrv_close(bs); /* if we have a device attached to this BlockDriverState * then we need to make the drive anonymous until the device * can be removed. If this is a drive with no device backing * then we can just get rid of the block driver state right here. */ if (bdrv_get_attached_dev(bs)) { bdrv_make_anon(bs); /* Further I/O must not pause the guest */ bdrv_set_on_error(bs, BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT, BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT); } else { drive_uninit(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs)); } return 0; } void qmp_block_resize(const char *device, int64_t size, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; int ret; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } if (size < 0) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "size", "a >0 size"); return; } /* complete all in-flight operations before resizing the device */ bdrv_drain_all(); ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, size); switch (ret) { case 0: break; case -ENOMEDIUM: error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_HAS_NO_MEDIUM, device); break; case -ENOTSUP: error_set(errp, QERR_UNSUPPORTED); break; case -EACCES: error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IS_READ_ONLY, device); break; case -EBUSY: error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device); break; default: error_setg_errno(errp, -ret, "Could not resize"); break; } } static void block_job_cb(void *opaque, int ret) { BlockDriverState *bs = opaque; QObject *obj; trace_block_job_cb(bs, bs->job, ret); assert(bs->job); obj = qobject_from_block_job(bs->job); if (ret < 0) { QDict *dict = qobject_to_qdict(obj); qdict_put(dict, "error", qstring_from_str(strerror(-ret))); } if (block_job_is_cancelled(bs->job)) { monitor_protocol_event(QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_CANCELLED, obj); } else { monitor_protocol_event(QEVENT_BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED, obj); } qobject_decref(obj); drive_put_ref_bh_schedule(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs)); } void qmp_block_stream(const char *device, bool has_base, const char *base, bool has_speed, int64_t speed, bool has_on_error, BlockdevOnError on_error, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; BlockDriverState *base_bs = NULL; Error *local_err = NULL; if (!has_on_error) { on_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT; } bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } if (base) { base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, base); if (base_bs == NULL) { error_set(errp, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base); return; } } stream_start(bs, base_bs, base, has_speed ? speed : 0, on_error, block_job_cb, bs, &local_err); if (error_is_set(&local_err)) { error_propagate(errp, local_err); return; } /* Grab a reference so hotplug does not delete the BlockDriverState from * underneath us. */ drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs)); trace_qmp_block_stream(bs, bs->job); } void qmp_block_commit(const char *device, bool has_base, const char *base, const char *top, bool has_speed, int64_t speed, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; BlockDriverState *base_bs, *top_bs; Error *local_err = NULL; /* This will be part of the QMP command, if/when the * BlockdevOnError change for blkmirror makes it in */ BlockdevOnError on_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT; /* drain all i/o before commits */ bdrv_drain_all(); bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } /* default top_bs is the active layer */ top_bs = bs; if (top) { if (strcmp(bs->filename, top) != 0) { top_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(bs, top); } } if (top_bs == NULL) { error_setg(errp, "Top image file %s not found", top ? top : "NULL"); return; } if (has_base && base) { base_bs = bdrv_find_backing_image(top_bs, base); } else { base_bs = bdrv_find_base(top_bs); } if (base_bs == NULL) { error_set(errp, QERR_BASE_NOT_FOUND, base ? base : "NULL"); return; } commit_start(bs, base_bs, top_bs, speed, on_error, block_job_cb, bs, &local_err); if (local_err != NULL) { error_propagate(errp, local_err); return; } /* Grab a reference so hotplug does not delete the BlockDriverState from * underneath us. */ drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs)); } #define DEFAULT_MIRROR_BUF_SIZE (10 << 20) void qmp_drive_mirror(const char *device, const char *target, bool has_format, const char *format, enum MirrorSyncMode sync, bool has_mode, enum NewImageMode mode, bool has_speed, int64_t speed, bool has_granularity, uint32_t granularity, bool has_buf_size, int64_t buf_size, bool has_on_source_error, BlockdevOnError on_source_error, bool has_on_target_error, BlockdevOnError on_target_error, Error **errp) { BlockDriverState *bs; BlockDriverState *source, *target_bs; BlockDriver *proto_drv; BlockDriver *drv = NULL; Error *local_err = NULL; int flags; uint64_t size; int ret; if (!has_speed) { speed = 0; } if (!has_on_source_error) { on_source_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT; } if (!has_on_target_error) { on_target_error = BLOCKDEV_ON_ERROR_REPORT; } if (!has_mode) { mode = NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS; } if (!has_granularity) { granularity = 0; } if (!has_buf_size) { buf_size = DEFAULT_MIRROR_BUF_SIZE; } if (granularity != 0 && (granularity < 512 || granularity > 1048576 * 64)) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, device); return; } if (granularity & (granularity - 1)) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER, device); return; } bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_NOT_FOUND, device); return; } if (!bdrv_is_inserted(bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_HAS_NO_MEDIUM, device); return; } if (!has_format) { format = mode == NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING ? NULL : bs->drv->format_name; } if (format) { drv = bdrv_find_format(format); if (!drv) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); return; } } if (bdrv_in_use(bs)) { error_set(errp, QERR_DEVICE_IN_USE, device); return; } flags = bs->open_flags | BDRV_O_RDWR; source = bs->backing_hd; if (!source && sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_TOP) { sync = MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_FULL; } proto_drv = bdrv_find_protocol(target); if (!proto_drv) { error_set(errp, QERR_INVALID_BLOCK_FORMAT, format); return; } bdrv_get_geometry(bs, &size); size *= 512; if (sync == MIRROR_SYNC_MODE_FULL && mode != NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING) { /* create new image w/o backing file */ assert(format && drv); bdrv_img_create(target, format, NULL, NULL, NULL, size, flags, &local_err, false); } else { switch (mode) { case NEW_IMAGE_MODE_EXISTING: ret = 0; break; case NEW_IMAGE_MODE_ABSOLUTE_PATHS: /* create new image with backing file */ bdrv_img_create(target, format, source->filename, source->drv->format_name, NULL, size, flags, &local_err, false); break; default: abort(); } } if (error_is_set(&local_err)) { error_propagate(errp, local_err); return; } /* Mirroring takes care of copy-on-write using the source's backing * file. */ target_bs = bdrv_new(""); ret = bdrv_open(target_bs, target, NULL, flags | BDRV_O_NO_BACKING, drv); if (ret < 0) { bdrv_delete(target_bs); error_set(errp, QERR_OPEN_FILE_FAILED, target); return; } mirror_start(bs, target_bs, speed, granularity, buf_size, sync, on_source_error, on_target_error, block_job_cb, bs, &local_err); if (local_err != NULL) { bdrv_delete(target_bs); error_propagate(errp, local_err); return; } /* Grab a reference so hotplug does not delete the BlockDriverState from * underneath us. */ drive_get_ref(drive_get_by_blockdev(bs)); } static BlockJob *find_block_job(const char *device) { BlockDriverState *bs; bs = bdrv_find(device); if (!bs || !bs->job) { return NULL; } return bs->job; } void qmp_block_job_set_speed(const char *device, int64_t speed, Error **errp) { BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device); if (!job) { error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device); return; } block_job_set_speed(job, speed, errp); } void qmp_block_job_cancel(const char *device, bool has_force, bool force, Error **errp) { BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device); if (!has_force) { force = false; } if (!job) { error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device); return; } if (job->paused && !force) { error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_PAUSED, device); return; } trace_qmp_block_job_cancel(job); block_job_cancel(job); } void qmp_block_job_pause(const char *device, Error **errp) { BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device); if (!job) { error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device); return; } trace_qmp_block_job_pause(job); block_job_pause(job); } void qmp_block_job_resume(const char *device, Error **errp) { BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device); if (!job) { error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device); return; } trace_qmp_block_job_resume(job); block_job_resume(job); } void qmp_block_job_complete(const char *device, Error **errp) { BlockJob *job = find_block_job(device); if (!job) { error_set(errp, QERR_BLOCK_JOB_NOT_ACTIVE, device); return; } trace_qmp_block_job_complete(job); block_job_complete(job, errp); } static void do_qmp_query_block_jobs_one(void *opaque, BlockDriverState *bs) { BlockJobInfoList **prev = opaque; BlockJob *job = bs->job; if (job) { BlockJobInfoList *elem = g_new0(BlockJobInfoList, 1); elem->value = block_job_query(bs->job); (*prev)->next = elem; *prev = elem; } } BlockJobInfoList *qmp_query_block_jobs(Error **errp) { /* Dummy is a fake list element for holding the head pointer */ BlockJobInfoList dummy = {}; BlockJobInfoList *prev = &dummy; bdrv_iterate(do_qmp_query_block_jobs_one, &prev); return dummy.next; } QemuOptsList qemu_common_drive_opts = { .name = "drive", .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_common_drive_opts.head), .desc = { { .name = "bus", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "bus number", },{ .name = "unit", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "unit number (i.e. lun for scsi)", },{ .name = "if", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "interface (ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio)", },{ .name = "index", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "index number", },{ .name = "cyls", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "number of cylinders (ide disk geometry)", },{ .name = "heads", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "number of heads (ide disk geometry)", },{ .name = "secs", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "number of sectors (ide disk geometry)", },{ .name = "trans", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "chs translation (auto, lba. none)", },{ .name = "media", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "media type (disk, cdrom)", },{ .name = "snapshot", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "enable/disable snapshot mode", },{ .name = "file", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "disk image", },{ .name = "discard", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "discard operation (ignore/off, unmap/on)", },{ .name = "cache", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "host cache usage (none, writeback, writethrough, " "directsync, unsafe)", },{ .name = "aio", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)", },{ .name = "format", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "disk format (raw, qcow2, ...)", },{ .name = "serial", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "disk serial number", },{ .name = "rerror", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "read error action", },{ .name = "werror", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "write error action", },{ .name = "addr", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "pci address (virtio only)", },{ .name = "readonly", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "open drive file as read-only", },{ .name = "iops", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit total I/O operations per second", },{ .name = "iops_rd", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit read operations per second", },{ .name = "iops_wr", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit write operations per second", },{ .name = "bps", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit total bytes per second", },{ .name = "bps_rd", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit read bytes per second", },{ .name = "bps_wr", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit write bytes per second", },{ .name = "copy-on-read", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "copy read data from backing file into image file", },{ .name = "boot", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "(deprecated, ignored)", }, { /* end of list */ } }, }; QemuOptsList qemu_drive_opts = { .name = "drive", .head = QTAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(qemu_drive_opts.head), .desc = { { .name = "bus", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "bus number", },{ .name = "unit", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "unit number (i.e. lun for scsi)", },{ .name = "if", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "interface (ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio)", },{ .name = "index", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "index number", },{ .name = "cyls", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "number of cylinders (ide disk geometry)", },{ .name = "heads", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "number of heads (ide disk geometry)", },{ .name = "secs", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "number of sectors (ide disk geometry)", },{ .name = "trans", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "chs translation (auto, lba. none)", },{ .name = "media", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "media type (disk, cdrom)", },{ .name = "snapshot", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "enable/disable snapshot mode", },{ .name = "file", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "disk image", },{ .name = "discard", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "discard operation (ignore/off, unmap/on)", },{ .name = "cache", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "host cache usage (none, writeback, writethrough, " "directsync, unsafe)", },{ .name = "aio", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "host AIO implementation (threads, native)", },{ .name = "format", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "disk format (raw, qcow2, ...)", },{ .name = "serial", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "disk serial number", },{ .name = "rerror", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "read error action", },{ .name = "werror", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "write error action", },{ .name = "addr", .type = QEMU_OPT_STRING, .help = "pci address (virtio only)", },{ .name = "readonly", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "open drive file as read-only", },{ .name = "iops", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit total I/O operations per second", },{ .name = "iops_rd", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit read operations per second", },{ .name = "iops_wr", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit write operations per second", },{ .name = "bps", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit total bytes per second", },{ .name = "bps_rd", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit read bytes per second", },{ .name = "bps_wr", .type = QEMU_OPT_NUMBER, .help = "limit write bytes per second", },{ .name = "copy-on-read", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "copy read data from backing file into image file", },{ .name = "boot", .type = QEMU_OPT_BOOL, .help = "(deprecated, ignored)", }, { /* end of list */ } }, };