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-rw-r--r--contrib/elf2dmp/main.c589
1 files changed, 589 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/contrib/elf2dmp/main.c b/contrib/elf2dmp/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9b93dab662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/elf2dmp/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,589 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2018 Virtuozzo International GmbH
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "qemu/osdep.h"
+#include "err.h"
+#include "addrspace.h"
+#include "pe.h"
+#include "pdb.h"
+#include "kdbg.h"
+#include "download.h"
+#include "qemu/win_dump_defs.h"
+
+#define SYM_URL_BASE "https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols/"
+#define PDB_NAME "ntkrnlmp.pdb"
+
+#define INITIAL_MXCSR 0x1f80
+
+typedef struct idt_desc {
+ uint16_t offset1; /* offset bits 0..15 */
+ uint16_t selector;
+ uint8_t ist;
+ uint8_t type_attr;
+ uint16_t offset2; /* offset bits 16..31 */
+ uint32_t offset3; /* offset bits 32..63 */
+ uint32_t rsrvd;
+} __attribute__ ((packed)) idt_desc_t;
+
+static uint64_t idt_desc_addr(idt_desc_t desc)
+{
+ return (uint64_t)desc.offset1 | ((uint64_t)desc.offset2 << 16) |
+ ((uint64_t)desc.offset3 << 32);
+}
+
+static const uint64_t SharedUserData = 0xfffff78000000000;
+
+#define KUSD_OFFSET_SUITE_MASK 0x2d0
+#define KUSD_OFFSET_PRODUCT_TYPE 0x264
+
+#define SYM_RESOLVE(base, r, s) ((s = pdb_resolve(base, r, #s)),\
+ s ? printf(#s" = 0x%016lx\n", s) : eprintf("Failed to resolve "#s"\n"), s)
+
+static uint64_t rol(uint64_t x, uint64_t y)
+{
+ return (x << y) | (x >> (64 - y));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Decoding algorithm can be found in Volatility project
+ */
+static void kdbg_decode(uint64_t *dst, uint64_t *src, size_t size,
+ uint64_t kwn, uint64_t kwa, uint64_t kdbe)
+{
+ size_t i;
+ assert(size % sizeof(uint64_t) == 0);
+ for (i = 0; i < size / sizeof(uint64_t); i++) {
+ uint64_t block;
+
+ block = src[i];
+ block = rol(block ^ kwn, (uint8_t)kwn);
+ block = __builtin_bswap64(block ^ kdbe) ^ kwa;
+ dst[i] = block;
+ }
+}
+
+static KDDEBUGGER_DATA64 *get_kdbg(uint64_t KernBase, struct pdb_reader *pdb,
+ struct va_space *vs, uint64_t KdDebuggerDataBlock)
+{
+ const char OwnerTag[4] = "KDBG";
+ KDDEBUGGER_DATA64 *kdbg = NULL;
+ DBGKD_DEBUG_DATA_HEADER64 kdbg_hdr;
+ bool decode = false;
+ uint64_t kwn, kwa, KdpDataBlockEncoded;
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs,
+ KdDebuggerDataBlock + offsetof(KDDEBUGGER_DATA64, Header),
+ &kdbg_hdr, sizeof(kdbg_hdr), 0)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to extract KDBG header\n");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (memcmp(&kdbg_hdr.OwnerTag, OwnerTag, sizeof(OwnerTag))) {
+ uint64_t KiWaitNever, KiWaitAlways;
+
+ decode = true;
+
+ if (!SYM_RESOLVE(KernBase, pdb, KiWaitNever) ||
+ !SYM_RESOLVE(KernBase, pdb, KiWaitAlways) ||
+ !SYM_RESOLVE(KernBase, pdb, KdpDataBlockEncoded)) {
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, KiWaitNever, &kwn, sizeof(kwn), 0) ||
+ va_space_rw(vs, KiWaitAlways, &kwa, sizeof(kwa), 0)) {
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ printf("[KiWaitNever] = 0x%016lx\n", kwn);
+ printf("[KiWaitAlways] = 0x%016lx\n", kwa);
+
+ /*
+ * If KDBG header can be decoded, KDBG size is available
+ * and entire KDBG can be decoded.
+ */
+ printf("Decoding KDBG header...\n");
+ kdbg_decode((uint64_t *)&kdbg_hdr, (uint64_t *)&kdbg_hdr,
+ sizeof(kdbg_hdr), kwn, kwa, KdpDataBlockEncoded);
+
+ printf("Owner tag is \'%.4s\'\n", (char *)&kdbg_hdr.OwnerTag);
+ if (memcmp(&kdbg_hdr.OwnerTag, OwnerTag, sizeof(OwnerTag))) {
+ eprintf("Failed to decode KDBG header\n");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ }
+
+ kdbg = malloc(kdbg_hdr.Size);
+ if (!kdbg) {
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, KdDebuggerDataBlock, kdbg, kdbg_hdr.Size, 0)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to extract entire KDBG\n");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+
+ if (!decode) {
+ return kdbg;
+ }
+
+ printf("Decoding KdDebuggerDataBlock...\n");
+ kdbg_decode((uint64_t *)kdbg, (uint64_t *)kdbg, kdbg_hdr.Size,
+ kwn, kwa, KdpDataBlockEncoded);
+
+ va_space_rw(vs, KdDebuggerDataBlock, kdbg, kdbg_hdr.Size, 1);
+
+ return kdbg;
+}
+
+static void win_context_init_from_qemu_cpu_state(WinContext *ctx,
+ QEMUCPUState *s)
+{
+ WinContext win_ctx = (WinContext){
+ .ContextFlags = WIN_CTX_X64 | WIN_CTX_INT | WIN_CTX_SEG | WIN_CTX_CTL,
+ .MxCsr = INITIAL_MXCSR,
+
+ .SegCs = s->cs.selector,
+ .SegSs = s->ss.selector,
+ .SegDs = s->ds.selector,
+ .SegEs = s->es.selector,
+ .SegFs = s->fs.selector,
+ .SegGs = s->gs.selector,
+ .EFlags = (uint32_t)s->rflags,
+
+ .Rax = s->rax,
+ .Rbx = s->rbx,
+ .Rcx = s->rcx,
+ .Rdx = s->rdx,
+ .Rsp = s->rsp,
+ .Rbp = s->rbp,
+ .Rsi = s->rsi,
+ .Rdi = s->rdi,
+ .R8 = s->r8,
+ .R9 = s->r9,
+ .R10 = s->r10,
+ .R11 = s->r11,
+ .R12 = s->r12,
+ .R13 = s->r13,
+ .R14 = s->r14,
+ .R15 = s->r15,
+
+ .Rip = s->rip,
+ .FltSave = {
+ .MxCsr = INITIAL_MXCSR,
+ },
+ };
+
+ *ctx = win_ctx;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Finds paging-structure hierarchy base,
+ * if previously set doesn't give access to kernel structures
+ */
+static int fix_dtb(struct va_space *vs, QEMU_Elf *qe)
+{
+ /*
+ * Firstly, test previously set DTB.
+ */
+ if (va_space_resolve(vs, SharedUserData)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Secondly, find CPU which run system task.
+ */
+ size_t i;
+ for (i = 0; i < qe->state_nr; i++) {
+ QEMUCPUState *s = qe->state[i];
+
+ if (is_system(s)) {
+ va_space_set_dtb(vs, s->cr[3]);
+ printf("DTB 0x%016lx has been found from CPU #%zu"
+ " as system task CR3\n", vs->dtb, i);
+ return !(va_space_resolve(vs, SharedUserData));
+ }
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * Thirdly, use KERNEL_GS_BASE from CPU #0 as PRCB address and
+ * CR3 as [Prcb+0x7000]
+ */
+ if (qe->has_kernel_gs_base) {
+ QEMUCPUState *s = qe->state[0];
+ uint64_t Prcb = s->kernel_gs_base;
+ uint64_t *cr3 = va_space_resolve(vs, Prcb + 0x7000);
+
+ if (!cr3) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ va_space_set_dtb(vs, *cr3);
+ printf("DirectoryTableBase = 0x%016lx has been found from CPU #0"
+ " as interrupt handling CR3\n", vs->dtb);
+ return !(va_space_resolve(vs, SharedUserData));
+ }
+
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int fill_header(WinDumpHeader64 *hdr, struct pa_space *ps,
+ struct va_space *vs, uint64_t KdDebuggerDataBlock,
+ KDDEBUGGER_DATA64 *kdbg, uint64_t KdVersionBlock, int nr_cpus)
+{
+ uint32_t *suite_mask = va_space_resolve(vs, SharedUserData +
+ KUSD_OFFSET_SUITE_MASK);
+ int32_t *product_type = va_space_resolve(vs, SharedUserData +
+ KUSD_OFFSET_PRODUCT_TYPE);
+ DBGKD_GET_VERSION64 kvb;
+ WinDumpHeader64 h;
+ size_t i;
+
+ QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(KUSD_OFFSET_SUITE_MASK >= PAGE_SIZE);
+ QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(KUSD_OFFSET_PRODUCT_TYPE >= PAGE_SIZE);
+
+ if (!suite_mask || !product_type) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, KdVersionBlock, &kvb, sizeof(kvb), 0)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to extract KdVersionBlock\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ h = (WinDumpHeader64) {
+ .Signature = "PAGE",
+ .ValidDump = "DU64",
+ .MajorVersion = kvb.MajorVersion,
+ .MinorVersion = kvb.MinorVersion,
+ .DirectoryTableBase = vs->dtb,
+ .PfnDatabase = kdbg->MmPfnDatabase,
+ .PsLoadedModuleList = kdbg->PsLoadedModuleList,
+ .PsActiveProcessHead = kdbg->PsActiveProcessHead,
+ .MachineImageType = kvb.MachineType,
+ .NumberProcessors = nr_cpus,
+ .BugcheckCode = LIVE_SYSTEM_DUMP,
+ .KdDebuggerDataBlock = KdDebuggerDataBlock,
+ .DumpType = 1,
+ .Comment = "Hello from elf2dmp!",
+ .SuiteMask = *suite_mask,
+ .ProductType = *product_type,
+ .SecondaryDataState = kvb.KdSecondaryVersion,
+ .PhysicalMemoryBlock = (WinDumpPhyMemDesc64) {
+ .NumberOfRuns = ps->block_nr,
+ },
+ .RequiredDumpSpace = sizeof(h),
+ };
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ps->block_nr; i++) {
+ h.PhysicalMemoryBlock.NumberOfPages += ps->block[i].size / PAGE_SIZE;
+ h.PhysicalMemoryBlock.Run[i] = (WinDumpPhyMemRun64) {
+ .BasePage = ps->block[i].paddr / PAGE_SIZE,
+ .PageCount = ps->block[i].size / PAGE_SIZE,
+ };
+ }
+
+ h.RequiredDumpSpace += h.PhysicalMemoryBlock.NumberOfPages << PAGE_BITS;
+
+ *hdr = h;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int fill_context(KDDEBUGGER_DATA64 *kdbg,
+ struct va_space *vs, QEMU_Elf *qe)
+{
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < qe->state_nr; i++) {
+ uint64_t Prcb;
+ uint64_t Context;
+ WinContext ctx;
+ QEMUCPUState *s = qe->state[i];
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, kdbg->KiProcessorBlock + sizeof(Prcb) * i,
+ &Prcb, sizeof(Prcb), 0)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to read CPU #%d PRCB location\n", i);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, Prcb + kdbg->OffsetPrcbContext,
+ &Context, sizeof(Context), 0)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to read CPU #%d ContextFrame location\n", i);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ printf("Filling context for CPU #%d...\n", i);
+ win_context_init_from_qemu_cpu_state(&ctx, s);
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, Context, &ctx, sizeof(ctx), 1)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to fill CPU #%d context\n", i);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_dump(struct pa_space *ps,
+ WinDumpHeader64 *hdr, const char *name)
+{
+ FILE *dmp_file = fopen(name, "wb");
+ size_t i;
+
+ if (!dmp_file) {
+ eprintf("Failed to open output file \'%s\'\n", name);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ printf("Writing header to file...\n");
+
+ if (fwrite(hdr, sizeof(*hdr), 1, dmp_file) != 1) {
+ eprintf("Failed to write dump header\n");
+ fclose(dmp_file);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ps->block_nr; i++) {
+ struct pa_block *b = &ps->block[i];
+
+ printf("Writing block #%zu/%zu to file...\n", i, ps->block_nr);
+ if (fwrite(b->addr, b->size, 1, dmp_file) != 1) {
+ eprintf("Failed to write dump header\n");
+ fclose(dmp_file);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return fclose(dmp_file);
+}
+
+static int pe_get_pdb_symstore_hash(uint64_t base, void *start_addr,
+ char *hash, struct va_space *vs)
+{
+ const char e_magic[2] = "MZ";
+ const char Signature[4] = "PE\0\0";
+ const char sign_rsds[4] = "RSDS";
+ IMAGE_DOS_HEADER *dos_hdr = start_addr;
+ IMAGE_NT_HEADERS64 nt_hdrs;
+ IMAGE_FILE_HEADER *file_hdr = &nt_hdrs.FileHeader;
+ IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER64 *opt_hdr = &nt_hdrs.OptionalHeader;
+ IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY *data_dir = nt_hdrs.OptionalHeader.DataDirectory;
+ IMAGE_DEBUG_DIRECTORY debug_dir;
+ OMFSignatureRSDS rsds;
+ char *pdb_name;
+ size_t pdb_name_sz;
+ size_t i;
+
+ QEMU_BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(*dos_hdr) >= PAGE_SIZE);
+
+ if (memcmp(&dos_hdr->e_magic, e_magic, sizeof(e_magic))) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, base + dos_hdr->e_lfanew,
+ &nt_hdrs, sizeof(nt_hdrs), 0)) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (memcmp(&nt_hdrs.Signature, Signature, sizeof(Signature)) ||
+ file_hdr->Machine != 0x8664 || opt_hdr->Magic != 0x020b) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ printf("Debug Directory RVA = 0x%016x\n",
+ data_dir[IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_DIRECTORY].VirtualAddress);
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs,
+ base + data_dir[IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_DIRECTORY].VirtualAddress,
+ &debug_dir, sizeof(debug_dir), 0)) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (debug_dir.Type != IMAGE_DEBUG_TYPE_CODEVIEW) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs,
+ base + debug_dir.AddressOfRawData,
+ &rsds, sizeof(rsds), 0)) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ printf("CodeView signature is \'%.4s\'\n", rsds.Signature);
+
+ if (memcmp(&rsds.Signature, sign_rsds, sizeof(sign_rsds))) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ pdb_name_sz = debug_dir.SizeOfData - sizeof(rsds);
+ pdb_name = malloc(pdb_name_sz);
+ if (!pdb_name) {
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (va_space_rw(vs, base + debug_dir.AddressOfRawData +
+ offsetof(OMFSignatureRSDS, name), pdb_name, pdb_name_sz, 0)) {
+ free(pdb_name);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ printf("PDB name is \'%s\', \'%s\' expected\n", pdb_name, PDB_NAME);
+
+ if (strcmp(pdb_name, PDB_NAME)) {
+ eprintf("Unexpected PDB name, it seems the kernel isn't found\n");
+ free(pdb_name);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ free(pdb_name);
+
+ sprintf(hash, "%.08x%.04x%.04x%.02x%.02x", rsds.guid.a, rsds.guid.b,
+ rsds.guid.c, rsds.guid.d[0], rsds.guid.d[1]);
+ hash += 20;
+ for (i = 0; i < 6; i++, hash += 2) {
+ sprintf(hash, "%.02x", rsds.guid.e[i]);
+ }
+
+ sprintf(hash, "%.01x", rsds.age);
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+ int err = 0;
+ QEMU_Elf qemu_elf;
+ struct pa_space ps;
+ struct va_space vs;
+ QEMUCPUState *state;
+ idt_desc_t first_idt_desc;
+ uint64_t KernBase;
+ void *nt_start_addr = NULL;
+ WinDumpHeader64 header;
+ char pdb_hash[34];
+ char pdb_url[] = SYM_URL_BASE PDB_NAME
+ "/0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEFx/" PDB_NAME;
+ struct pdb_reader pdb;
+ uint64_t KdDebuggerDataBlock;
+ KDDEBUGGER_DATA64 *kdbg;
+ uint64_t KdVersionBlock;
+
+ if (argc != 3) {
+ eprintf("usage:\n\t%s elf_file dmp_file\n", argv[0]);
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (QEMU_Elf_init(&qemu_elf, argv[1])) {
+ eprintf("Failed to initialize QEMU ELF dump\n");
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ if (pa_space_create(&ps, &qemu_elf)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to initialize physical address space\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_elf;
+ }
+
+ state = qemu_elf.state[0];
+ printf("CPU #0 CR3 is 0x%016lx\n", state->cr[3]);
+
+ va_space_create(&vs, &ps, state->cr[3]);
+ if (fix_dtb(&vs, &qemu_elf)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to find paging base\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_elf;
+ }
+
+ printf("CPU #0 IDT is at 0x%016lx\n", state->idt.base);
+
+ if (va_space_rw(&vs, state->idt.base,
+ &first_idt_desc, sizeof(first_idt_desc), 0)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to get CPU #0 IDT[0]\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_ps;
+ }
+ printf("CPU #0 IDT[0] -> 0x%016lx\n", idt_desc_addr(first_idt_desc));
+
+ KernBase = idt_desc_addr(first_idt_desc) & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+ printf("Searching kernel downwards from 0x%16lx...\n", KernBase);
+
+ for (; KernBase >= 0xfffff78000000000; KernBase -= PAGE_SIZE) {
+ nt_start_addr = va_space_resolve(&vs, KernBase);
+ if (!nt_start_addr) {
+ continue;
+ }
+
+ if (*(uint16_t *)nt_start_addr == 0x5a4d) { /* MZ */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ printf("KernBase = 0x%16lx, signature is \'%.2s\'\n", KernBase,
+ (char *)nt_start_addr);
+
+ if (pe_get_pdb_symstore_hash(KernBase, nt_start_addr, pdb_hash, &vs)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to get PDB symbol store hash\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_ps;
+ }
+
+ sprintf(pdb_url, "%s%s/%s/%s", SYM_URL_BASE, PDB_NAME, pdb_hash, PDB_NAME);
+ printf("PDB URL is %s\n", pdb_url);
+
+ if (download_url(PDB_NAME, pdb_url)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to download PDB file\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_ps;
+ }
+
+ if (pdb_init_from_file(PDB_NAME, &pdb)) {
+ eprintf("Failed to initialize PDB reader\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_pdb_file;
+ }
+
+ if (!SYM_RESOLVE(KernBase, &pdb, KdDebuggerDataBlock) ||
+ !SYM_RESOLVE(KernBase, &pdb, KdVersionBlock)) {
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_pdb;
+ }
+
+ kdbg = get_kdbg(KernBase, &pdb, &vs, KdDebuggerDataBlock);
+ if (!kdbg) {
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_pdb;
+ }
+
+ if (fill_header(&header, &ps, &vs, KdDebuggerDataBlock, kdbg,
+ KdVersionBlock, qemu_elf.state_nr)) {
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_pdb;
+ }
+
+ if (fill_context(kdbg, &vs, &qemu_elf)) {
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_pdb;
+ }
+
+ if (write_dump(&ps, &header, argv[2])) {
+ eprintf("Failed to save dump\n");
+ err = 1;
+ goto out_kdbg;
+ }
+
+out_kdbg:
+ free(kdbg);
+out_pdb:
+ pdb_exit(&pdb);
+out_pdb_file:
+ unlink(PDB_NAME);
+out_ps:
+ pa_space_destroy(&ps);
+out_elf:
+ QEMU_Elf_exit(&qemu_elf);
+
+ return err;
+}
generated by cgit v1.2.3 (git 2.25.1) at 2024-06-16 00:58:15 +0000