// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only /* * Copyright (c) 2014, The Linux Foundation. All rights reserved. * Debug helper to dump the current kernel pagetables of the system * so that we can see what the various memory ranges are set to. * * Derived from x86 and arm implementation: * (C) Copyright 2008 Intel Corporation * * Author: Arjan van de Ven */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include static const struct addr_marker address_markers[] = { #ifdef CONFIG_KASAN { KASAN_SHADOW_START, "Kasan shadow start" }, { KASAN_SHADOW_END, "Kasan shadow end" }, #endif { MODULES_VADDR, "Modules start" }, { MODULES_END, "Modules end" }, { VMALLOC_START, "vmalloc() area" }, { VMALLOC_END, "vmalloc() end" }, { FIXADDR_START, "Fixmap start" }, { FIXADDR_TOP, "Fixmap end" }, { PCI_IO_START, "PCI I/O start" }, { PCI_IO_END, "PCI I/O end" }, #ifdef CONFIG_SPARSEMEM_VMEMMAP { VMEMMAP_START, "vmemmap start" }, { VMEMMAP_START + VMEMMAP_SIZE, "vmemmap end" }, #endif { PAGE_OFFSET, "Linear mapping" }, { -1, NULL }, }; #define pt_dump_seq_printf(m, fmt, args...) \ ({ \ if (m) \ seq_printf(m, fmt, ##args); \ }) #define pt_dump_seq_puts(m, fmt) \ ({ \ if (m) \ seq_printf(m, fmt); \ }) /* * The page dumper groups page table entries of the same type into a single * description. It uses pg_state to track the range information while * iterating over the pte entries. When the continuity is broken it then * dumps out a description of the range. */ struct pg_state { struct seq_file *seq; const struct addr_marker *marker; unsigned long start_address; unsigned level; u64 current_prot; bool check_wx; unsigned long wx_pages; unsigned long uxn_pages; }; struct prot_bits { u64 mask; u64 val; const char *set; const char *clear; }; static const struct prot_bits pte_bits[] = { { .mask = PTE_VALID, .val = PTE_VALID, .set = " ", .clear = "F", }, { .mask = PTE_USER, .val = PTE_USER, .set = "USR", .clear = " ", }, { .mask = PTE_RDONLY, .val = PTE_RDONLY, .set = "ro", .clear = "RW", }, { .mask = PTE_PXN, .val = PTE_PXN, .set = "NX", .clear = "x ", }, { .mask = PTE_SHARED, .val = PTE_SHARED, .set = "SHD", .clear = " ", }, { .mask = PTE_AF, .val = PTE_AF, .set = "AF", .clear = " ", }, { .mask = PTE_NG, .val = PTE_NG, .set = "NG", .clear = " ", }, { .mask = PTE_CONT, .val = PTE_CONT, .set = "CON", .clear = " ", }, { .mask = PTE_TABLE_BIT, .val = PTE_TABLE_BIT, .set = " ", .clear = "BLK", }, { .mask = PTE_UXN, .val = PTE_UXN, .set = "UXN", }, { .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK, .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_nGnRnE), .set = "DEVICE/nGnRnE", }, { .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK, .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_nGnRE), .set = "DEVICE/nGnRE", }, { .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK, .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_DEVICE_GRE), .set = "DEVICE/GRE", }, { .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK, .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL_NC), .set = "MEM/NORMAL-NC", }, { .mask = PTE_ATTRINDX_MASK, .val = PTE_ATTRINDX(MT_NORMAL), .set = "MEM/NORMAL", } }; struct pg_level { const struct prot_bits *bits; const char *name; size_t num; u64 mask; }; static struct pg_level pg_level[] = { { }, { /* pgd */ .name = "PGD", .bits = pte_bits, .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits), }, { /* pud */ .name = (CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 3) ? "PUD" : "PGD", .bits = pte_bits, .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits), }, { /* pmd */ .name = (CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS > 2) ? "PMD" : "PGD", .bits = pte_bits, .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits), }, { /* pte */ .name = "PTE", .bits = pte_bits, .num = ARRAY_SIZE(pte_bits), }, }; static void dump_prot(struct pg_state *st, const struct prot_bits *bits, size_t num) { unsigned i; for (i = 0; i < num; i++, bits++) { const char *s; if ((st->current_prot & bits->mask) == bits->val) s = bits->set; else s = bits->clear; if (s) pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, " %s", s); } } static void note_prot_uxn(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr) { if (!st->check_wx) return; if ((st->current_prot & PTE_UXN) == PTE_UXN) return; WARN_ONCE(1, "arm64/mm: Found non-UXN mapping at address %p/%pS\n", (void *)st->start_address, (void *)st->start_address); st->uxn_pages += (addr - st->start_address) / PAGE_SIZE; } static void note_prot_wx(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr) { if (!st->check_wx) return; if ((st->current_prot & PTE_RDONLY) == PTE_RDONLY) return; if ((st->current_prot & PTE_PXN) == PTE_PXN) return; WARN_ONCE(1, "arm64/mm: Found insecure W+X mapping at address %p/%pS\n", (void *)st->start_address, (void *)st->start_address); st->wx_pages += (addr - st->start_address) / PAGE_SIZE; } static void note_page(struct pg_state *st, unsigned long addr, unsigned level, u64 val) { static const char units[] = "KMGTPE"; u64 prot = val & pg_level[level].mask; if (!st->level) { st->level = level; st->current_prot = prot; st->start_address = addr; pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name); } else if (prot != st->current_prot || level != st->level || addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) { const char *unit = units; unsigned long delta; if (st->current_prot) { note_prot_uxn(st, addr); note_prot_wx(st, addr); pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "0x%016lx-0x%016lx ", st->start_address, addr); delta = (addr - st->start_address) >> 10; while (!(delta & 1023) && unit[1]) { delta >>= 10; unit++; } pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "%9lu%c %s", delta, *unit, pg_level[st->level].name); if (pg_level[st->level].bits) dump_prot(st, pg_level[st->level].bits, pg_level[st->level].num); pt_dump_seq_puts(st->seq, "\n"); } if (addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) { st->marker++; pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name); } st->start_address = addr; st->current_prot = prot; st->level = level; } if (addr >= st->marker[1].start_address) { st->marker++; pt_dump_seq_printf(st->seq, "---[ %s ]---\n", st->marker->name); } } static void walk_pte(struct pg_state *st, pmd_t *pmdp, unsigned long start, unsigned long end) { unsigned long addr = start; pte_t *ptep = pte_offset_kernel(pmdp, start); do { note_page(st, addr, 4, READ_ONCE(pte_val(*ptep))); } while (ptep++, addr += PAGE_SIZE, addr != end); } static void walk_pmd(struct pg_state *st, pud_t *pudp, unsigned long start, unsigned long end) { unsigned long next, addr = start; pmd_t *pmdp = pmd_offset(pudp, start); do { pmd_t pmd = READ_ONCE(*pmdp); next = pmd_addr_end(addr, end); if (pmd_none(pmd) || pmd_sect(pmd)) { note_page(st, addr, 3, pmd_val(pmd)); } else { BUG_ON(pmd_bad(pmd)); walk_pte(st, pmdp, addr, next); } } while (pmdp++, addr = next, addr != end); } static void walk_pud(struct pg_state *st, pgd_t *pgdp, unsigned long start, unsigned long end) { unsigned long next, addr = start; pud_t *pudp = pud_offset(pgdp, start); do { pud_t pud = READ_ONCE(*pudp); next = pud_addr_end(addr, end); if (pud_none(pud) || pud_sect(pud)) { note_page(st, addr, 2, pud_val(pud)); } else { BUG_ON(pud_bad(pud)); walk_pmd(st, pudp, addr, next); } } while (pudp++, addr = next, addr != end); } static void walk_pgd(struct pg_state *st, struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long start) { unsigned long end = (start < TASK_SIZE_64) ? TASK_SIZE_64 : 0; unsigned long next, addr = start; pgd_t *pgdp = pgd_offset(mm, start); do { pgd_t pgd = READ_ONCE(*pgdp); next = pgd_addr_end(addr, end); if (pgd_none(pgd)) { note_page(st, addr, 1, pgd_val(pgd)); } else { BUG_ON(pgd_bad(pgd)); walk_pud(st, pgdp, addr, next); } } while (pgdp++, addr = next, addr != end); } void ptdump_walk_pgd(struct seq_file *m, struct ptdump_info *info) { struct pg_state st = { .seq = m, .marker = info->markers, }; walk_pgd(&st, info->mm, info->base_addr); note_page(&st, 0, 0, 0); } static void ptdump_initialize(void) { unsigned i, j; for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pg_level); i++) if (pg_level[i].bits) for (j = 0; j < pg_level[i].num; j++) pg_level[i].mask |= pg_level[i].bits[j].mask; } static struct ptdump_info kernel_ptdump_info = { .mm = &init_mm, .markers = address_markers, .base_addr = VA_START, }; void ptdump_check_wx(void) { struct pg_state st = { .seq = NULL, .marker = (struct addr_marker[]) { { 0, NULL}, { -1, NULL}, }, .check_wx = true, }; walk_pgd(&st, &init_mm, VA_START); note_page(&st, 0, 0, 0); if (st.wx_pages || st.uxn_pages) pr_warn("Checked W+X mappings: FAILED, %lu W+X pages found, %lu non-UXN pages found\n", st.wx_pages, st.uxn_pages); else pr_info("Checked W+X mappings: passed, no W+X pages found\n"); } static int ptdump_init(void) { ptdump_initialize(); ptdump_debugfs_register(&kernel_ptdump_info, "kernel_page_tables"); return 0; } device_initcall(ptdump_init);