arm64: efi: add EFI stub

This patch adds PE/COFF header fields to the start of the kernel
Image so that it appears as an EFI application to UEFI firmware.
An EFI stub is included to allow direct booting of the kernel
Image.

Signed-off-by: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
[Add support in PE/COFF header for signed images]
Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Leif Lindholm <leif.lindholm@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Matt Fleming <matt.fleming@intel.com>

5 files changed, 308 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/arch/arm64/Kconfig b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
index 82e21de5db3b..6c71f122638d 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/Kconfig
+++ b/arch/arm64/Kconfig
@@ -290,8 +290,9 @@ config EFI
 	help
 	  This option provides support for runtime services provided
 	  by UEFI firmware (such as non-volatile variables, realtime
-          clock, and platform reset). This is only useful on systems
-	  that have UEFI firmware.
+          clock, and platform reset). A UEFI stub is also provided to
+	  allow the kernel to be booted as an EFI application. This
+	  is only useful on systems that have UEFI firmware.
 
 endmenu
 
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile b/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile
index f57ccd755886..db63a0a25810 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/Makefile
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@
 
 CPPFLAGS_vmlinux.lds	:= -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET)
 AFLAGS_head.o		:= -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET)
+CFLAGS_efi-stub.o 	:= -DTEXT_OFFSET=$(TEXT_OFFSET) \
+			   -I$(src)/../../../scripts/dtc/libfdt
 
 # Object file lists.
 arm64-obj-y		:= cputable.o debug-monitors.o entry.o irq.o fpsimd.o	\
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_EARLY_PRINTK)	+= early_printk.o
 arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_ARM64_CPU_SUSPEND)	+= sleep.o suspend.o
 arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_JUMP_LABEL)		+= jump_label.o
 arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_KGDB)		+= kgdb.o
-arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_EFI)			+= efi.o
+arm64-obj-$(CONFIG_EFI)			+= efi.o efi-stub.o efi-entry.o
 
 obj-y					+= $(arm64-obj-y) vdso/
 obj-m					+= $(arm64-obj-m)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-entry.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-entry.S
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..66716c9b9e5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-entry.S
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+/*
+ * EFI entry point.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013, 2014 Red Hat, Inc.
+ * Author: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ */
+#include <linux/linkage.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+
+#include <asm/assembler.h>
+
+#define EFI_LOAD_ERROR 0x8000000000000001
+
+	__INIT
+
+	/*
+	 * We arrive here from the EFI boot manager with:
+	 *
+	 *    * CPU in little-endian mode
+	 *    * MMU on with identity-mapped RAM
+	 *    * Icache and Dcache on
+	 *
+	 * We will most likely be running from some place other than where
+	 * we want to be. The kernel image wants to be placed at TEXT_OFFSET
+	 * from start of RAM.
+	 */
+ENTRY(efi_stub_entry)
+	/*
+	 * Create a stack frame to save FP/LR with extra space
+	 * for image_addr variable passed to efi_entry().
+	 */
+	stp	x29, x30, [sp, #-32]!
+
+	/*
+	 * Call efi_entry to do the real work.
+	 * x0 and x1 are already set up by firmware. Current runtime
+	 * address of image is calculated and passed via *image_addr.
+	 *
+	 * unsigned long efi_entry(void *handle,
+	 *                         efi_system_table_t *sys_table,
+	 *                         unsigned long *image_addr) ;
+	 */
+	adrp	x8, _text
+	add	x8, x8, #:lo12:_text
+	add	x2, sp, 16
+	str	x8, [x2]
+	bl	efi_entry
+	cmn	x0, #1
+	b.eq	efi_load_fail
+
+	/*
+	 * efi_entry() will have relocated the kernel image if necessary
+	 * and we return here with device tree address in x0 and the kernel
+	 * entry point stored at *image_addr. Save those values in registers
+	 * which are callee preserved.
+	 */
+	mov	x20, x0		// DTB address
+	ldr	x0, [sp, #16]	// relocated _text address
+	mov	x21, x0
+
+	/*
+	 * Flush dcache covering current runtime addresses
+	 * of kernel text/data. Then flush all of icache.
+	 */
+	adrp	x1, _text
+	add	x1, x1, #:lo12:_text
+	adrp	x2, _edata
+	add	x2, x2, #:lo12:_edata
+	sub	x1, x2, x1
+
+	bl	__flush_dcache_area
+	ic	ialluis
+
+	/* Turn off Dcache and MMU */
+	mrs	x0, CurrentEL
+	cmp	x0, #PSR_MODE_EL2t
+	ccmp	x0, #PSR_MODE_EL2h, #0x4, ne
+	b.ne	1f
+	mrs	x0, sctlr_el2
+	bic	x0, x0, #1 << 0	// clear SCTLR.M
+	bic	x0, x0, #1 << 2	// clear SCTLR.C
+	msr	sctlr_el2, x0
+	isb
+	b	2f
+1:
+	mrs	x0, sctlr_el1
+	bic	x0, x0, #1 << 0	// clear SCTLR.M
+	bic	x0, x0, #1 << 2	// clear SCTLR.C
+	msr	sctlr_el1, x0
+	isb
+2:
+	/* Jump to kernel entry point */
+	mov	x0, x20
+	mov	x1, xzr
+	mov	x2, xzr
+	mov	x3, xzr
+	br	x21
+
+efi_load_fail:
+	mov	x0, #EFI_LOAD_ERROR
+	ldp	x29, x30, [sp], #32
+	ret
+
+ENDPROC(efi_stub_entry)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-stub.c b/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-stub.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..60e98a639ac5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/efi-stub.c
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2013, 2014 Linaro Ltd;  <roy.franz@linaro.org>
+ *
+ * This file implements the EFI boot stub for the arm64 kernel.
+ * Adapted from ARM version by Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ */
+#include <linux/efi.h>
+#include <linux/libfdt.h>
+#include <asm/sections.h>
+#include <generated/compile.h>
+#include <generated/utsrelease.h>
+
+/*
+ * AArch64 requires the DTB to be 8-byte aligned in the first 512MiB from
+ * start of kernel and may not cross a 2MiB boundary. We set alignment to
+ * 2MiB so we know it won't cross a 2MiB boundary.
+ */
+#define EFI_FDT_ALIGN	SZ_2M   /* used by allocate_new_fdt_and_exit_boot() */
+#define MAX_FDT_OFFSET	SZ_512M
+
+#define efi_call_early(f, ...) sys_table_arg->boottime->f(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+static void efi_char16_printk(efi_system_table_t *sys_table_arg,
+			      efi_char16_t *str);
+
+static efi_status_t efi_open_volume(efi_system_table_t *sys_table,
+				    void *__image, void **__fh);
+static efi_status_t efi_file_close(void *handle);
+
+static efi_status_t
+efi_file_read(void *handle, unsigned long *size, void *addr);
+
+static efi_status_t
+efi_file_size(efi_system_table_t *sys_table, void *__fh,
+	      efi_char16_t *filename_16, void **handle, u64 *file_sz);
+
+/* Include shared EFI stub code */
+#include "../../../drivers/firmware/efi/efi-stub-helper.c"
+#include "../../../drivers/firmware/efi/fdt.c"
+#include "../../../drivers/firmware/efi/arm-stub.c"
+
+
+static efi_status_t handle_kernel_image(efi_system_table_t *sys_table,
+					unsigned long *image_addr,
+					unsigned long *image_size,
+					unsigned long *reserve_addr,
+					unsigned long *reserve_size,
+					unsigned long dram_base,
+					efi_loaded_image_t *image)
+{
+	efi_status_t status;
+	unsigned long kernel_size, kernel_memsize = 0;
+
+	/* Relocate the image, if required. */
+	kernel_size = _edata - _text;
+	if (*image_addr != (dram_base + TEXT_OFFSET)) {
+		kernel_memsize = kernel_size + (_end - _edata);
+		status = efi_relocate_kernel(sys_table, image_addr,
+					     kernel_size, kernel_memsize,
+					     dram_base + TEXT_OFFSET,
+					     PAGE_SIZE);
+		if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
+			pr_efi_err(sys_table, "Failed to relocate kernel\n");
+			return status;
+		}
+		if (*image_addr != (dram_base + TEXT_OFFSET)) {
+			pr_efi_err(sys_table, "Failed to alloc kernel memory\n");
+			efi_free(sys_table, kernel_memsize, *image_addr);
+			return EFI_ERROR;
+		}
+		*image_size = kernel_memsize;
+	}
+
+
+	return EFI_SUCCESS;
+}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S b/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
index 0fd565000772..738291b5be29 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
+++ b/arch/arm64/kernel/head.S
@@ -108,8 +108,18 @@
 	/*
 	 * DO NOT MODIFY. Image header expected by Linux boot-loaders.
 	 */
+#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
+efi_head:
+	/*
+	 * This add instruction has no meaningful effect except that
+	 * its opcode forms the magic "MZ" signature required by UEFI.
+	 */
+	add	x13, x18, #0x16
+	b	stext
+#else
 	b	stext				// branch to kernel start, magic
 	.long	0				// reserved
+#endif
 	.quad	TEXT_OFFSET			// Image load offset from start of RAM
 	.quad	0				// reserved
 	.quad	0				// reserved
@@ -120,7 +130,109 @@
 	.byte	0x52
 	.byte	0x4d
 	.byte	0x64
+#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
+	.long	pe_header - efi_head		// Offset to the PE header.
+#else
 	.word	0				// reserved
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_EFI
+	.align 3
+pe_header:
+	.ascii	"PE"
+	.short 	0
+coff_header:
+	.short	0xaa64				// AArch64
+	.short	2				// nr_sections
+	.long	0 				// TimeDateStamp
+	.long	0				// PointerToSymbolTable
+	.long	1				// NumberOfSymbols
+	.short	section_table - optional_header	// SizeOfOptionalHeader
+	.short	0x206				// Characteristics.
+						// IMAGE_FILE_DEBUG_STRIPPED |
+						// IMAGE_FILE_EXECUTABLE_IMAGE |
+						// IMAGE_FILE_LINE_NUMS_STRIPPED
+optional_header:
+	.short	0x20b				// PE32+ format
+	.byte	0x02				// MajorLinkerVersion
+	.byte	0x14				// MinorLinkerVersion
+	.long	_edata - stext			// SizeOfCode
+	.long	0				// SizeOfInitializedData
+	.long	0				// SizeOfUninitializedData
+	.long	efi_stub_entry - efi_head	// AddressOfEntryPoint
+	.long	stext - efi_head		// BaseOfCode
+
+extra_header_fields:
+	.quad	0				// ImageBase
+	.long	0x20				// SectionAlignment
+	.long	0x8				// FileAlignment
+	.short	0				// MajorOperatingSystemVersion
+	.short	0				// MinorOperatingSystemVersion
+	.short	0				// MajorImageVersion
+	.short	0				// MinorImageVersion
+	.short	0				// MajorSubsystemVersion
+	.short	0				// MinorSubsystemVersion
+	.long	0				// Win32VersionValue
+
+	.long	_edata - efi_head		// SizeOfImage
+
+	// Everything before the kernel image is considered part of the header
+	.long	stext - efi_head		// SizeOfHeaders
+	.long	0				// CheckSum
+	.short	0xa				// Subsystem (EFI application)
+	.short	0				// DllCharacteristics
+	.quad	0				// SizeOfStackReserve
+	.quad	0				// SizeOfStackCommit
+	.quad	0				// SizeOfHeapReserve
+	.quad	0				// SizeOfHeapCommit
+	.long	0				// LoaderFlags
+	.long	0x6				// NumberOfRvaAndSizes
+
+	.quad	0				// ExportTable
+	.quad	0				// ImportTable
+	.quad	0				// ResourceTable
+	.quad	0				// ExceptionTable
+	.quad	0				// CertificationTable
+	.quad	0				// BaseRelocationTable
+
+	// Section table
+section_table:
+
+	/*
+	 * The EFI application loader requires a relocation section
+	 * because EFI applications must be relocatable.  This is a
+	 * dummy section as far as we are concerned.
+	 */
+	.ascii	".reloc"
+	.byte	0
+	.byte	0			// end of 0 padding of section name
+	.long	0
+	.long	0
+	.long	0			// SizeOfRawData
+	.long	0			// PointerToRawData
+	.long	0			// PointerToRelocations
+	.long	0			// PointerToLineNumbers
+	.short	0			// NumberOfRelocations
+	.short	0			// NumberOfLineNumbers
+	.long	0x42100040		// Characteristics (section flags)
+
+
+	.ascii	".text"
+	.byte	0
+	.byte	0
+	.byte	0        		// end of 0 padding of section name
+	.long	_edata - stext		// VirtualSize
+	.long	stext - efi_head	// VirtualAddress
+	.long	_edata - stext		// SizeOfRawData
+	.long	stext - efi_head	// PointerToRawData
+
+	.long	0		// PointerToRelocations (0 for executables)
+	.long	0		// PointerToLineNumbers (0 for executables)
+	.short	0		// NumberOfRelocations  (0 for executables)
+	.short	0		// NumberOfLineNumbers  (0 for executables)
+	.long	0xe0500020	// Characteristics (section flags)
+	.align 5
+#endif
 
 ENTRY(stext)
 	mov	x21, x0				// x21=FDT