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2013-01-11lockdep, rwsem: provide down_write_nest_lock()Jiri Kosina
down_write_nest_lock() provides a means to annotate locking scenario where an outer lock is guaranteed to serialize the order nested locks are being acquired. This is analogoue to already existing mutex_lock_nest_lock() and spin_lock_nest_lock(). Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz> Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com> Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl> Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie> Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-11lib: cpu_rmap: avoid flushing all workqueuesDavid Decotigny
In some cases, free_irq_cpu_rmap() is called while holding a lock (eg rtnl). This can lead to deadlocks, because it invokes flush_scheduled_work() which ends up waiting for whole system workqueue to flush, but some pending works might try to acquire the lock we are already holding. This commit uses reference-counting to replace irq_run_affinity_notifiers(). It also removes irq_run_affinity_notifiers() altogether. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: eliminate free_cpu_rmap, rename cpu_rmap_reclaim() to cpu_rmap_release(), propagate kref_put() retval from cpu_rmap_put()] Signed-off-by: David Decotigny <decot@googlers.com> Reviewed-by: Ben Hutchings <bhutchings@solarflare.com> Acked-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Reviewed-by: Josh Triplett <josh@joshtriplett.org> Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net> Cc: Or Gerlitz <ogerlitz@mellanox.com> Acked-by: Amir Vadai <amirv@mellanox.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-09cred: Remove tgcred pointer from struct credMarc Dionne
Commit 3a50597de863 ("KEYS: Make the session and process keyrings per-thread") removed the definition of the thread_group_cred structure, but left a now unused pointer in struct cred. Signed-off-by: Marc Dionne <marc.c.dionne@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-07Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull namei.h missing include fix from Al Viro. The new use of ESTALE in namei.h can cause compile failures on ARM with certain configurations due to lack of errno.h. * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: namei.h: include errno.h
2013-01-04mm: fix zone_watermark_ok_safe() accounting of isolated pagesBartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz
Commit 702d1a6e0766 ("memory-hotplug: fix kswapd looping forever problem") added an isolated pageblocks counter (nr_pageblock_isolate in struct zone) and used it to adjust free pages counter in zone_watermark_ok_safe() to prevent kswapd looping forever problem. Then later, commit 2139cbe627b8 ("cma: fix counting of isolated pages") fixed accounting of isolated pages in global free pages counter. It made the previous zone_watermark_ok_safe() fix unnecessary and potentially harmful (cause now isolated pages may be accounted twice making free pages counter incorrect). This patch removes the special isolated pageblocks counter altogether which fixes zone_watermark_ok_safe() free pages check. Reported-by: Tomasz Stanislawski <t.stanislaws@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <b.zolnierkie@samsung.com> Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com> Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Aaditya Kumar <aaditya.kumar.30@gmail.com> Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz> Cc: Marek Szyprowski <m.szyprowski@samsung.com> Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com> Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-04selftests: IPC message queue copy feature testStanislav Kinsbursky
This test can be used to check wheither kernel supports IPC message queue copy and restore features (required by CRIU project). Signed-off-by: Stanislav Kinsbursky <skinsbursky@parallels.com> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-04ipc: message queue receive cleanupStanislav Kinsbursky
Move all message related manipulation into one function msg_fill(). Actually, two functions because of the compat one. [akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes] Signed-off-by: Stanislav Kinsbursky <skinsbursky@parallels.com> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-04ipc: add sysctl to specify desired next object idStanislav Kinsbursky
Add 3 new variables and sysctls to tune them (by one "next_id" variable for messages, semaphores and shared memory respectively). This variable can be used to set desired id for next allocated IPC object. By default it's equal to -1 and old behaviour is preserved. If this variable is non-negative, then desired idr will be extracted from it and used as a start value to search for free IDR slot. Notes: 1) this patch doesn't guarantee that the new object will have desired id. So it's up to user space how to handle new object with wrong id. 2) After a sucessful id allocation attempt, "next_id" will be set back to -1 (if it was non-negative). [akpm@linux-foundation.org: checkpatch fixes] Signed-off-by: Stanislav Kinsbursky <skinsbursky@parallels.com> Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@canonical.com> Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com> Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com> Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-03include: remove __dev* attributes.Greg Kroah-Hartman
CONFIG_HOTPLUG is going away as an option. As a result, the __dev* markings need to be removed. This change removes the use of __devinit from some include files that were previously missed. Based on patches originally written by Bill Pemberton, but redone by me in order to handle some of the coding style issues better, by hand. Cc: Bill Pemberton <wfp5p@virginia.edu> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2013-01-03Drivers: bcma: remove __dev* attributes.Greg Kroah-Hartman
CONFIG_HOTPLUG is going away as an option. As a result, the __dev* markings need to be removed. This change removes the use of __devinit, __devexit_p, and __devexit from these drivers. Based on patches originally written by Bill Pemberton, but redone by me in order to handle some of the coding style issues better, by hand. Cc: Bill Pemberton <wfp5p@virginia.edu> Cc: "Rafał Miłecki" <zajec5@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2013-01-03pstore: remove __dev* attributes.Greg Kroah-Hartman
CONFIG_HOTPLUG is going away as an option. As a result, the __dev* markings need to be removed. This change removes the use of __devinit from the pstore filesystem. Based on patches originally written by Bill Pemberton, but redone by me in order to handle some of the coding style issues better, by hand. Cc: Bill Pemberton <wfp5p@virginia.edu> Cc: Anton Vorontsov <cbouatmailru@gmail.com> Cc: Colin Cross <ccross@android.com> Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com> Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2013-01-02Merge tag '3.8-pci-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas: "Some fixes for v3.8. They include a fix for the new SR-IOV sysfs management support, an expanded quirk for Ricoh SD card readers, a Stratus DMI quirk fix, and a PME polling fix." * tag '3.8-pci-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: PCI: Reduce Ricoh 0xe822 SD card reader base clock frequency to 50MHz PCI/PM: Do not suspend port if any subordinate device needs PME polling PCI: Add PCIe Link Capability link speed and width names PCI: Work around Stratus ftServer broken PCIe hierarchy (fix DMI check) PCI: Remove spurious error for sriov_numvfs store and simplify flow
2013-01-02UAPI: Remove empty Kbuild filesDavid Howells
Empty files can get deleted by the patch program, so remove empty Kbuild files and their links from the parent Kbuilds. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-02mm: mempolicy: Convert shared_policy mutex to spinlockMel Gorman
Sasha was fuzzing with trinity and reported the following problem: BUG: sleeping function called from invalid context at kernel/mutex.c:269 in_atomic(): 1, irqs_disabled(): 0, pid: 6361, name: trinity-main 2 locks held by trinity-main/6361: #0: (&mm->mmap_sem){++++++}, at: [<ffffffff810aa314>] __do_page_fault+0x1e4/0x4f0 #1: (&(&mm->page_table_lock)->rlock){+.+...}, at: [<ffffffff8122f017>] handle_pte_fault+0x3f7/0x6a0 Pid: 6361, comm: trinity-main Tainted: G W 3.7.0-rc2-next-20121024-sasha-00001-gd95ef01-dirty #74 Call Trace: __might_sleep+0x1c3/0x1e0 mutex_lock_nested+0x29/0x50 mpol_shared_policy_lookup+0x2e/0x90 shmem_get_policy+0x2e/0x30 get_vma_policy+0x5a/0xa0 mpol_misplaced+0x41/0x1d0 handle_pte_fault+0x465/0x6a0 This was triggered by a different version of automatic NUMA balancing but in theory the current version is vunerable to the same problem. do_numa_page -> numa_migrate_prep -> mpol_misplaced -> get_vma_policy -> shmem_get_policy It's very unlikely this will happen as shared pages are not marked pte_numa -- see the page_mapcount() check in change_pte_range() -- but it is possible. To address this, this patch restores sp->lock as originally implemented by Kosaki Motohiro. In the path where get_vma_policy() is called, it should not be calling sp_alloc() so it is not necessary to treat the PTL specially. Signed-off-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Tested-by: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com> Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2013-01-02Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4 Pull ext4 bug fixes from Ted Ts'o: "Various bug fixes for ext4. Perhaps the most serious bug fixed is one which could cause file system corruptions when performing file punch operations." * tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: ext4: avoid hang when mounting non-journal filesystems with orphan list ext4: lock i_mutex when truncating orphan inodes ext4: do not try to write superblock on ro remount w/o journal ext4: include journal blocks in df overhead calcs ext4: remove unaligned AIO warning printk ext4: fix an incorrect comment about i_mutex ext4: fix deadlock in journal_unmap_buffer() ext4: split off ext4_journalled_invalidatepage() jbd2: fix assertion failure in jbd2_journal_flush() ext4: check dioread_nolock on remount ext4: fix extent tree corruption caused by hole punch
2013-01-02mempolicy: remove arg from mpol_parse_str, mpol_to_strHugh Dickins
Remove the unused argument (formerly no_context) from mpol_parse_str() and from mpol_to_str(). Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-12-27Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace Pull namespace fixes from Eric Biederman: "This tree includes two bug fixes for problems Oleg spotted on his review of the recent pid namespace work. A small fix to not enable bottom halves with irqs disabled, and a trivial build fix for f2fs with user namespaces enabled." * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: f2fs: Don't assign e_id in f2fs_acl_from_disk proc: Allow proc_free_inum to be called from any context pidns: Stop pid allocation when init dies pidns: Outlaw thread creation after unshare(CLONE_NEWPID)
2012-12-27Merge git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/netLinus Torvalds
Pull networking fixes from David Miller: 1) GRE tunnel drivers don't set the transport header properly, they also blindly deref the inner protocol ipv4 and needs some checks. Fixes from Isaku Yamahata. 2) Fix sleeps while atomic in netdevice rename code, from Eric Dumazet. 3) Fix double-spinlock in solos-pci driver, from Dan Carpenter. 4) More ARP bug fixes. Fix lockdep splat in arp_solicit() and then the bug accidentally added by that fix. From Eric Dumazet and Cong Wang. 5) Remove some __dev* annotations that slipped back in, as well as all HOTPLUG references. From Greg KH 6) RDS protocol uses wrong interfaces to access scatter-gather elements, causing a regression. From Mike Marciniszyn. 7) Fix build error in cpts driver, from Richard Cochran. 8) Fix arithmetic in packet scheduler, from Stefan Hasko. 9) Similarly, fix association during calculation of random backoff in batman-adv. From Akinobu Mita. * git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/davem/net: (21 commits) ipv6/ip6_gre: set transport header correctly ipv4/ip_gre: set transport header correctly to gre header IB/rds: suppress incompatible protocol when version is known IB/rds: Correct ib_api use with gs_dma_address/sg_dma_len net/vxlan: Use the underlying device index when joining/leaving multicast groups tcp: should drop incoming frames without ACK flag set netprio_cgroup: define sk_cgrp_prioidx only if NETPRIO_CGROUP is enabled cpts: fix a run time warn_on. cpts: fix build error by removing useless code. batman-adv: fix random jitter calculation arp: fix a regression in arp_solicit() net: sched: integer overflow fix CONFIG_HOTPLUG removal from networking core Drivers: network: more __dev* removal bridge: call br_netpoll_disable in br_add_if ipv4: arp: fix a lockdep splat in arp_solicit() tuntap: dont use a private kmem_cache net: devnet_rename_seq should be a seqcount ip_gre: fix possible use after free ip_gre: make ipgre_tunnel_xmit() not parse network header as IP unconditionally ...
2012-12-26mm: Fix PageHead when !CONFIG_PAGEFLAGS_EXTENDEDChristoffer Dall
Unfortunately with !CONFIG_PAGEFLAGS_EXTENDED, (!PageHead) is false, and (PageHead) is true, for tail pages. If this is indeed the intended behavior, which I doubt because it breaks cache cleaning on some ARM systems, then the nomenclature is highly problematic. This patch makes sure PageHead is only true for head pages and PageTail is only true for tail pages, and neither is true for non-compound pages. [ This buglet seems ancient - seems to have been introduced back in Apr 2008 in commit 6a1e7f777f61: "pageflags: convert to the use of new macros". And the reason nobody noticed is because the PageHead() tests are almost all about just sanity-checking, and only used on pages that are actual page heads. The fact that the old code returned true for tail pages too was thus not really noticeable. - Linus ] Signed-off-by: Christoffer Dall <cdall@cs.columbia.edu> Acked-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com> Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Cc: Will Deacon <Will.Deacon@arm.com> Cc: Steve Capper <Steve.Capper@arm.com> Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com> Cc: stable@kernel.org # 2.6.26+ Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-12-26PCI: Reduce Ricoh 0xe822 SD card reader base clock frequency to 50MHzAndy Lutomirski
Otherwise it fails like this on cards like the Transcend 16GB SDHC card: mmc0: new SDHC card at address b368 mmcblk0: mmc0:b368 SDC 15.0 GiB mmcblk0: error -110 sending status command, retrying mmcblk0: error -84 transferring data, sector 0, nr 8, cmd response 0x900, card status 0xb0 Tested on my Lenovo x200 laptop. [bhelgaas: changelog] Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net> Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com> Acked-by: Chris Ball <cjb@laptop.org> CC: Manoj Iyer <manoj.iyer@canonical.com> CC: stable@vger.kernel.org
2012-12-25pidns: Stop pid allocation when init diesEric W. Biederman
Oleg pointed out that in a pid namespace the sequence. - pid 1 becomes a zombie - setns(thepidns), fork,... - reaping pid 1. - The injected processes exiting. Can lead to processes attempting access their child reaper and instead following a stale pointer. That waitpid for init can return before all of the processes in the pid namespace have exited is also unfortunate. Avoid these problems by disabling the allocation of new pids in a pid namespace when init dies, instead of when the last process in a pid namespace is reaped. Pointed-out-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Reviewed-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
2012-12-25namei.h: include errno.hStephen Warren
This solves: In file included from fs/ext3/symlink.c:20:0: include/linux/namei.h: In function 'retry_estale': include/linux/namei.h:114:19: error: 'ESTALE' undeclared (first use in this function) Signed-off-by: Stephen Warren <swarren@wwwdotorg.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-25ext4: fix deadlock in journal_unmap_buffer()Jan Kara
We cannot wait for transaction commit in journal_unmap_buffer() because we hold page lock which ranks below transaction start. We solve the issue by bailing out of journal_unmap_buffer() and jbd2_journal_invalidatepage() with -EBUSY. Caller is then responsible for waiting for transaction commit to finish and try invalidation again. Since the issue can happen only for page stradding i_size, it is simple enough to manually call jbd2_journal_invalidatepage() for such page from ext4_setattr(), check the return value and wait if necessary. Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz> Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
2012-12-21Merge git://www.linux-watchdog.org/linux-watchdogLinus Torvalds
Pull watchdog updates from Wim Van Sebroeck: "This includes some fixes and code improvements (like clk_prepare_enable and clk_disable_unprepare), conversion from the omap_wdt and twl4030_wdt drivers to the watchdog framework, addition of the SB8x0 chipset support and the DA9055 Watchdog driver and some OF support for the davinci_wdt driver." * git://www.linux-watchdog.org/linux-watchdog: (22 commits) watchdog: mei: avoid oops in watchdog unregister code path watchdog: Orion: Fix possible null-deference in orion_wdt_probe watchdog: sp5100_tco: Add SB8x0 chipset support watchdog: davinci_wdt: add OF support watchdog: da9052: Fix invalid free of devm_ allocated data watchdog: twl4030_wdt: Change TWL4030_MODULE_PM_RECEIVER to TWL_MODULE_PM_RECEIVER watchdog: remove depends on CONFIG_EXPERIMENTAL watchdog: Convert dev_printk(KERN_<LEVEL> to dev_<level>( watchdog: DA9055 Watchdog driver watchdog: omap_wdt: eliminate goto watchdog: omap_wdt: delete redundant platform_set_drvdata() calls watchdog: omap_wdt: convert to devm_ functions watchdog: omap_wdt: convert to new watchdog core watchdog: WatchDog Timer Driver Core: fix comment watchdog: s3c2410_wdt: use clk_prepare_enable and clk_disable_unprepare watchdog: imx2_wdt: Select the driver via ARCH_MXC watchdog: cpu5wdt.c: add missing del_timer call watchdog: hpwdt.c: Increase version string watchdog: Convert twl4030_wdt to watchdog core davinci_wdt: preparation for switch to common clock framework ...
2012-12-21Merge tag 'dm-3.8-fixes' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/agk/linux-dm Pull dm update from Alasdair G Kergon: "Miscellaneous device-mapper fixes, cleanups and performance improvements. Of particular note: - Disable broken WRITE SAME support in all targets except linear and striped. Use it when kcopyd is zeroing blocks. - Remove several mempools from targets by moving the data into the bio's new front_pad area(which dm calls 'per_bio_data'). - Fix a race in thin provisioning if discards are misused. - Prevent userspace from interfering with the ioctl parameters and use kmalloc for the data buffer if it's small instead of vmalloc. - Throttle some annoying error messages when I/O fails." * tag 'dm-3.8-fixes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/agk/linux-dm: (36 commits) dm stripe: add WRITE SAME support dm: remove map_info dm snapshot: do not use map_context dm thin: dont use map_context dm raid1: dont use map_context dm flakey: dont use map_context dm raid1: rename read_record to bio_record dm: move target request nr to dm_target_io dm snapshot: use per_bio_data dm verity: use per_bio_data dm raid1: use per_bio_data dm: introduce per_bio_data dm kcopyd: add WRITE SAME support to dm_kcopyd_zero dm linear: add WRITE SAME support dm: add WRITE SAME support dm: prepare to support WRITE SAME dm ioctl: use kmalloc if possible dm ioctl: remove PF_MEMALLOC dm persistent data: improve improve space map block alloc failure message dm thin: use DMERR_LIMIT for errors ...
2012-12-21Merge tag 'rdma-for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/roland/infiniband Pull more infiniband changes from Roland Dreier: "Second batch of InfiniBand/RDMA changes for 3.8: - cxgb4 changes to fix lookup engine hash collisions - mlx4 changes to make flow steering usable - fix to IPoIB to avoid pinning dst reference for too long" * tag 'rdma-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/roland/infiniband: RDMA/cxgb4: Fix bug for active and passive LE hash collision path RDMA/cxgb4: Fix LE hash collision bug for passive open connection RDMA/cxgb4: Fix LE hash collision bug for active open connection mlx4_core: Allow choosing flow steering mode mlx4_core: Adjustments to Flow Steering activation logic for SR-IOV mlx4_core: Fix error flow in the flow steering wrapper mlx4_core: Add QPN enforcement for flow steering rules set by VFs cxgb4: Add LE hash collision bug fix path in LLD driver cxgb4: Add T4 filter support IPoIB: Call skb_dst_drop() once skb is enqueued for sending
2012-12-21net: devnet_rename_seq should be a seqcountEric Dumazet
Using a seqlock for devnet_rename_seq is not a good idea, as device_rename() can sleep. As we hold RTNL, we dont need a protection for writers, and only need a seqcount so that readers can catch a change done by a writer. Bug added in commit c91f6df2db4972d3 (sockopt: Change getsockopt() of SO_BINDTODEVICE to return an interface name) Reported-by: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Eric Dumazet <edumazet@google.com> Cc: Brian Haley <brian.haley@hp.com> Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
2012-12-21dm: remove map_infoMikulas Patocka
This patch removes map_info from bio-based device mapper targets. map_info is still used for request-based targets. Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
2012-12-21dm: move target request nr to dm_target_ioMikulas Patocka
This patch moves target_request_nr from map_info to dm_target_io and makes it accessible with dm_bio_get_target_request_nr. This patch is a preparation for the next patch that removes map_info. Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
2012-12-21dm: introduce per_bio_dataMikulas Patocka
Introduce a field per_bio_data_size in struct dm_target. Targets can set this field in the constructor. If a target sets this field to a non-zero value, "per_bio_data_size" bytes of auxiliary data are allocated for each bio submitted to the target. These data can be used for any purpose by the target and help us improve performance by removing some per-target mempools. Per-bio data is accessed with dm_per_bio_data. The argument data_size must be the same as the value per_bio_data_size in dm_target. If the target has a pointer to per_bio_data, it can get a pointer to the bio with dm_bio_from_per_bio_data() function (data_size must be the same as the value passed to dm_per_bio_data). Signed-off-by: Mikulas Patocka <mpatocka@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
2012-12-21dm: prepare to support WRITE SAMEMike Snitzer
Allow targets to opt in to WRITE SAME support by setting 'num_write_same_requests' in the dm_target structure. A dm device will only advertise WRITE SAME support if all its targets and all its underlying devices support it. Signed-off-by: Mike Snitzer <snitzer@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
2012-12-20Merge branch 'for-next' of git://git.infradead.org/users/eparis/notifyLinus Torvalds
Pull filesystem notification updates from Eric Paris: "This pull mostly is about locking changes in the fsnotify system. By switching the group lock from a spin_lock() to a mutex() we can now hold the lock across things like iput(). This fixes a problem involving unmounting a fs and having inodes be busy, first pointed out by FAT, but reproducible with tmpfs. This also restores signal driven I/O for inotify, which has been broken since about 2.6.32." Ugh. I *hate* the timing of this. It was rebased after the merge window opened, and then left to sit with the pull request coming the day before the merge window closes. That's just crap. But apparently the patches themselves have been around for over a year, just gathering dust, so now it's suddenly critical. Fixed up semantic conflict in fs/notify/fdinfo.c as per Stephen Rothwell's fixes from -next. * 'for-next' of git://git.infradead.org/users/eparis/notify: inotify: automatically restart syscalls inotify: dont skip removal of watch descriptor if creation of ignored event failed fanotify: dont merge permission events fsnotify: make fasync generic for both inotify and fanotify fsnotify: change locking order fsnotify: dont put marks on temporary list when clearing marks by group fsnotify: introduce locked versions of fsnotify_add_mark() and fsnotify_remove_mark() fsnotify: pass group to fsnotify_destroy_mark() fsnotify: use a mutex instead of a spinlock to protect a groups mark list fanotify: add an extra flag to mark_remove_from_mask that indicates wheather a mark should be destroyed fsnotify: take groups mark_lock before mark lock fsnotify: use reference counting for groups fsnotify: introduce fsnotify_get_group() inotify, fanotify: replace fsnotify_put_group() with fsnotify_destroy_group()
2012-12-20Merge branch 'akpm' (Andrew's patch-bomb)Linus Torvalds
Merge the rest of Andrew's patches for -rc1: "A bunch of fixes and misc missed-out-on things. That'll do for -rc1. I still have a batch of IPC patches which still have a possible bug report which I'm chasing down." * emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (25 commits) keys: use keyring_alloc() to create module signing keyring keys: fix unreachable code sendfile: allows bypassing of notifier events SGI-XP: handle non-fatal traps fat: fix incorrect function comment Documentation: ABI: remove testing/sysfs-devices-node proc: fix inconsistent lock state linux/kernel.h: fix DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST with unsigned divisors memcg: don't register hotcpu notifier from ->css_alloc() checkpatch: warn on uapi #includes that #include <uapi/... revert "rtc: recycle id when unloading a rtc driver" mm: clean up transparent hugepage sysfs error messages hfsplus: add error message for the case of failure of sync fs in delayed_sync_fs() method hfsplus: rework processing of hfs_btree_write() returned error hfsplus: rework processing errors in hfsplus_free_extents() hfsplus: avoid crash on failed block map free kcmp: include linux/ptrace.h drivers/rtc/rtc-imxdi.c: must include <linux/spinlock.h> mm: cma: WARN if freed memory is still in use exec: do not leave bprm->interp on stack ...
2012-12-20Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs Pull VFS update from Al Viro: "fscache fixes, ESTALE patchset, vmtruncate removal series, assorted misc stuff." * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (79 commits) vfs: make lremovexattr retry once on ESTALE error vfs: make removexattr retry once on ESTALE vfs: make llistxattr retry once on ESTALE error vfs: make listxattr retry once on ESTALE error vfs: make lgetxattr retry once on ESTALE vfs: make getxattr retry once on an ESTALE error vfs: allow lsetxattr() to retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: allow setxattr to retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: allow utimensat() calls to retry once on an ESTALE error vfs: fix user_statfs to retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: make fchownat retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: make fchmodat retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: have chroot retry once on ESTALE error vfs: have chdir retry lookup and call once on ESTALE error vfs: have faccessat retry once on an ESTALE error vfs: have do_sys_truncate retry once on an ESTALE error vfs: fix renameat to retry on ESTALE errors vfs: make do_unlinkat retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: make do_rmdir retry once on ESTALE errors vfs: add a flags argument to user_path_parent ...
2012-12-20Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal Pull signal handling cleanups from Al Viro: "sigaltstack infrastructure + conversion for x86, alpha and um, COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE infrastructure. Note that there are several conflicts between "unify SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions" and UAPI patches in mainline; resolution is trivial - just remove definitions of SS_ONSTACK and SS_DISABLED from arch/*/uapi/asm/signal.h; they are all identical and include/uapi/linux/signal.h contains the unified variant." Fixed up conflicts as per Al. * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/signal: alpha: switch to generic sigaltstack new helpers: __save_altstack/__compat_save_altstack, switch x86 and um to those generic compat_sys_sigaltstack() introduce generic sys_sigaltstack(), switch x86 and um to it new helper: compat_user_stack_pointer() new helper: restore_altstack() unify SS_ONSTACK/SS_DISABLE definitions new helper: current_user_stack_pointer() missing user_stack_pointer() instances Bury the conditionals from kernel_thread/kernel_execve series COMPAT_SYSCALL_DEFINE: infrastructure
2012-12-20linux/kernel.h: fix DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST with unsigned divisorsGuenter Roeck
Commit 263a523d18bc ("linux/kernel.h: Fix warning seen with W=1 due to change in DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST") fixes a warning seen with W=1 due to change in DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST. Unfortunately, the C compiler converts divide operations with unsigned divisors to unsigned, even if the dividend is signed and negative (for example, -10 / 5U = 858993457). The C standard says "If one operand has unsigned int type, the other operand is converted to unsigned int", so the compiler is not to blame. As a result, DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(0, 2U) and similar operations now return bad values, since the automatic conversion of expressions such as "0 - 2U/2" to unsigned was not taken into account. Fix by checking for the divisor variable type when deciding which operation to perform. This fixes DIV_ROUND_CLOSEST(0, 2U), but still returns bad values for negative dividends divided by unsigned divisors. Mark the latter case as unsupported. One observed effect of this problem is that the s2c_hwmon driver reports a value of 4198403 instead of 0 if the ADC reads 0. Other impact is unpredictable. Problem is seen if the divisor is an unsigned variable or constant and the dividend is less than (divisor/2). Signed-off-by: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net> Reported-by: Juergen Beisert <jbe@pengutronix.de> Tested-by: Juergen Beisert <jbe@pengutronix.de> Cc: Jean Delvare <khali@linux-fr.org> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.7.x] Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-12-20exec: do not leave bprm->interp on stackKees Cook
If a series of scripts are executed, each triggering module loading via unprintable bytes in the script header, kernel stack contents can leak into the command line. Normally execution of binfmt_script and binfmt_misc happens recursively. However, when modules are enabled, and unprintable bytes exist in the bprm->buf, execution will restart after attempting to load matching binfmt modules. Unfortunately, the logic in binfmt_script and binfmt_misc does not expect to get restarted. They leave bprm->interp pointing to their local stack. This means on restart bprm->interp is left pointing into unused stack memory which can then be copied into the userspace argv areas. After additional study, it seems that both recursion and restart remains the desirable way to handle exec with scripts, misc, and modules. As such, we need to protect the changes to interp. This changes the logic to require allocation for any changes to the bprm->interp. To avoid adding a new kmalloc to every exec, the default value is left as-is. Only when passing through binfmt_script or binfmt_misc does an allocation take place. For a proof of concept, see DoTest.sh from: http://www.halfdog.net/Security/2012/LinuxKernelBinfmtScriptStackDataDisclosure/ Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org> Cc: halfdog <me@halfdog.net> Cc: P J P <ppandit@redhat.com> Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk> Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
2012-12-20vfs: turn is_dir argument to kern_path_create into a lookup_flags argJeff Layton
Where we can pass in LOOKUP_DIRECTORY or LOOKUP_REVAL. Any other flags passed in here are currently ignored. Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-20vfs: add a retry_estale helper function to handle retries on ESTALEJeff Layton
This function is expected to be called from path-based syscalls to help them decide whether to try the lookup and call again in the event that they got an -ESTALE return back on an earier try. Currently, we only retry the call once on an ESTALE error, but in the event that we decide that that's not enough in the future, we should be able to change the logic in this helper without too much effort. Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-20Merge branch 'fscache' of ↵Al Viro
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs into for-linus
2012-12-20vfs: Remove useless function prototypesAlessio Igor Bogani
Commit 8e22cc88d68ca1a46d7d582938f979eb640ed30f removes the (un)lock_super function definitions but forgets to remove their prototypes. Signed-off-by: Alessio Igor Bogani <abogani@kernel.org> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-20mm: drop vmtruncateMarco Stornelli
Removed vmtruncate Signed-off-by: Marco Stornelli <marco.stornelli@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-20vfs: drop vmtruncateMarco Stornelli
Removed vmtruncate Signed-off-by: Marco Stornelli <marco.stornelli@gmail.com> Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-20FS-Cache: Mark cancellation of in-progress operationDavid Howells
Mark as cancelled an operation that is in progress rather than pending at the time it is cancelled, and call fscache_complete_op() to cancel an operation so that blocked ops can be started. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2012-12-20FS-Cache: Convert the object event ID #defines into an enumDavid Howells
Convert the fscache_object event IDs from #defines into an enum. Also add an extra label to the enum to carry the event count and redefine the event mask in terms of that. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2012-12-20VFS: Make more complete truncate operation available to CacheFilesDavid Howells
Make a more complete truncate operation available to CacheFiles (including security checks and suchlike) so that it can use this to clear invalidated cache files. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com> Acked-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
2012-12-20Merge branch 'for-3.8' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linuxLinus Torvalds
Pull nfsd update from Bruce Fields: "Included this time: - more nfsd containerization work from Stanislav Kinsbursky: we're not quite there yet, but should be by 3.9. - NFSv4.1 progress: implementation of basic backchannel security negotiation and the mandatory BACKCHANNEL_CTL operation. See http://wiki.linux-nfs.org/wiki/index.php/Server_4.0_and_4.1_issues for remaining TODO's - Fixes for some bugs that could be triggered by unusual compounds. Our xdr code wasn't designed with v4 compounds in mind, and it shows. A more thorough rewrite is still a todo. - If you've ever seen "RPC: multiple fragments per record not supported" logged while using some sort of odd userland NFS client, that should now be fixed. - Further work from Jeff Layton on our mechanism for storing information about NFSv4 clients across reboots. - Further work from Bryan Schumaker on his fault-injection mechanism (which allows us to discard selective NFSv4 state, to excercise rarely-taken recovery code paths in the client.) - The usual mix of miscellaneous bugs and cleanup. Thanks to everyone who tested or contributed this cycle." * 'for-3.8' of git://linux-nfs.org/~bfields/linux: (111 commits) nfsd4: don't leave freed stateid hashed nfsd4: free_stateid can use the current stateid nfsd4: cleanup: replace rq_resused count by rq_next_page pointer nfsd: warn on odd reply state in nfsd_vfs_read nfsd4: fix oops on unusual readlike compound nfsd4: disable zero-copy on non-final read ops svcrpc: fix some printks NFSD: Correct the size calculation in fault_inject_write NFSD: Pass correct buffer size to rpc_ntop nfsd: pass proper net to nfsd_destroy() from NFSd kthreads nfsd: simplify service shutdown nfsd: replace boolean nfsd_up flag by users counter nfsd: simplify NFSv4 state init and shutdown nfsd: introduce helpers for generic resources init and shutdown nfsd: make NFSd service structure allocated per net nfsd: make NFSd service boot time per-net nfsd: per-net NFSd up flag introduced nfsd: move per-net startup code to separated function nfsd: pass net to __write_ports() and down nfsd: pass net to nfsd_set_nrthreads() ...
2012-12-20FS-Cache: Provide proper invalidationDavid Howells
Provide a proper invalidation method rather than relying on the netfs retiring the cookie it has and getting a new one. The problem with this is that isn't easy for the netfs to make sure that it has completed/cancelled all its outstanding storage and retrieval operations on the cookie it is retiring. Instead, have the cache provide an invalidation method that will cancel or wait for all currently outstanding operations before invalidating the cache, and will cause new operations to queue up behind that. Whilst invalidation is in progress, some requests will be rejected until the cache can stack a barrier on the operation queue to cause new operations to be deferred behind it. Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
2012-12-20Merge branch 'for-linus' of ↵Linus Torvalds
git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client Pull Ceph update from Sage Weil: "There are a few different groups of commits here. The largest is Alex's ongoing work to enable the coming RBD features (cloning, striping). There is some cleanup in libceph that goes along with it. Cyril and David have fixed some problems with NFS reexport (leaking dentries and page locks), and there is a batch of patches from Yan fixing problems with the fs client when running against a clustered MDS. There are a few bug fixes mixed in for good measure, many of which will be going to the stable trees once they're upstream. My apologies for the late pull. There is still a gremlin in the rbd map/unmap code and I was hoping to include the fix for that as well, but we haven't been able to confirm the fix is correct yet; I'll send that in a separate pull once it's nailed down." * 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/sage/ceph-client: (68 commits) rbd: get rid of rbd_{get,put}_dev() libceph: register request before unregister linger libceph: don't use rb_init_node() in ceph_osdc_alloc_request() libceph: init event->node in ceph_osdc_create_event() libceph: init osd->o_node in create_osd() libceph: report connection fault with warning libceph: socket can close in any connection state rbd: don't use ENOTSUPP rbd: remove linger unconditionally rbd: get rid of RBD_MAX_SEG_NAME_LEN libceph: avoid using freed osd in __kick_osd_requests() ceph: don't reference req after put rbd: do not allow remove of mounted-on image libceph: Unlock unprocessed pages in start_read() error path ceph: call handle_cap_grant() for cap import message ceph: Fix __ceph_do_pending_vmtruncate ceph: Don't add dirty inode to dirty list if caps is in migration ceph: Fix infinite loop in __wake_requests ceph: Don't update i_max_size when handling non-auth cap bdi_register: add __printf verification, fix arg mismatch ...
2012-12-20FS-Cache: Fix operation state management and accountingDavid Howells
Fix the state management of internal fscache operations and the accounting of what operations are in what states. This is done by: (1) Give struct fscache_operation a enum variable that directly represents the state it's currently in, rather than spreading this knowledge over a bunch of flags, who's processing the operation at the moment and whether it is queued or not. This makes it easier to write assertions to check the state at various points and to prevent invalid state transitions. (2) Add an 'operation complete' state and supply a function to indicate the completion of an operation (fscache_op_complete()) and make things call it. The final call to fscache_put_operation() can then check that an op in the appropriate state (complete or cancelled). (3) Adjust the use of object->n_ops, ->n_in_progress, ->n_exclusive to better govern the state of an object: (a) The ->n_ops is now the number of extant operations on the object and is now decremented by fscache_put_operation() only. (b) The ->n_in_progress is simply the number of objects that have been taken off of the object's pending queue for the purposes of being run. This is decremented by fscache_op_complete() only. (c) The ->n_exclusive is the number of exclusive ops that have been submitted and queued or are in progress. It is decremented by fscache_op_complete() and by fscache_cancel_op(). fscache_put_operation() and fscache_operation_gc() now no longer try to clean up ->n_exclusive and ->n_in_progress. That was leading to double decrements against fscache_cancel_op(). fscache_cancel_op() now no longer decrements ->n_ops. That was leading to double decrements against fscache_put_operation(). fscache_submit_exclusive_op() now decides whether it has to queue an op based on ->n_in_progress being > 0 rather than ->n_ops > 0 as the latter will persist in being true even after all preceding operations have been cancelled or completed. Furthermore, if an object is active and there are runnable ops against it, there must be at least one op running. (4) Add a remaining-pages counter (n_pages) to struct fscache_retrieval and provide a function to record completion of the pages as they complete. When n_pages reaches 0, the operation is deemed to be complete and fscache_op_complete() is called. Add calls to fscache_retrieval_complete() anywhere we've finished with a page we've been given to read or allocate for. This includes places where we just return pages to the netfs for reading from the server and where accessing the cache fails and we discard the proposed netfs page. The bugs in the unfixed state management manifest themselves as oopses like the following where the operation completion gets out of sync with return of the cookie by the netfs. This is possible because the cache unlocks and returns all the netfs pages before recording its completion - which means that there's nothing to stop the netfs discarding them and returning the cookie. FS-Cache: Cookie 'NFS.fh' still has outstanding reads ------------[ cut here ]------------ kernel BUG at fs/fscache/cookie.c:519! invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP CPU 1 Modules linked in: cachefiles nfs fscache auth_rpcgss nfs_acl lockd sunrpc Pid: 400, comm: kswapd0 Not tainted 3.1.0-rc7-fsdevel+ #1090 /DG965RY RIP: 0010:[<ffffffffa007050a>] [<ffffffffa007050a>] __fscache_relinquish_cookie+0x170/0x343 [fscache] RSP: 0018:ffff8800368cfb00 EFLAGS: 00010282 RAX: 000000000000003c RBX: ffff880023cc8790 RCX: 0000000000000000 RDX: 0000000000002f2e RSI: 0000000000000001 RDI: ffffffff813ab86c RBP: ffff8800368cfb50 R08: 0000000000000002 R09: 0000000000000000 R10: ffff88003a1b7890 R11: ffff88001df6e488 R12: ffff880023d8ed98 R13: ffff880023cc8798 R14: 0000000000000004 R15: ffff88003b8bf370 FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffff88003bd00000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000 CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 000000008005003b CR2: 00000000008ba008 CR3: 0000000023d93000 CR4: 00000000000006e0 DR0: 0000000000000000 DR1: 0000000000000000 DR2: 0000000000000000 DR3: 0000000000000000 DR6: 00000000ffff0ff0 DR7: 0000000000000400 Process kswapd0 (pid: 400, threadinfo ffff8800368ce000, task ffff88003b8bf040) Stack: ffff88003b8bf040 ffff88001df6e528 ffff88001df6e528 ffffffffa00b46b0 ffff88003b8bf040 ffff88001df6e488 ffff88001df6e620 ffffffffa00b46b0 ffff88001ebd04c8 0000000000000004 ffff8800368cfb70 ffffffffa00b2c91 Call Trace: [<ffffffffa00b2c91>] nfs_fscache_release_inode_cookie+0x3b/0x47 [nfs] [<ffffffffa008f25f>] nfs_clear_inode+0x3c/0x41 [nfs] [<ffffffffa0090df1>] nfs4_evict_inode+0x2f/0x33 [nfs] [<ffffffff810d8d47>] evict+0xa1/0x15c [<ffffffff810d8e2e>] dispose_list+0x2c/0x38 [<ffffffff810d9ebd>] prune_icache_sb+0x28c/0x29b [<ffffffff810c56b7>] prune_super+0xd5/0x140 [<ffffffff8109b615>] shrink_slab+0x102/0x1ab [<ffffffff8109d690>] balance_pgdat+0x2f2/0x595 [<ffffffff8103e009>] ? process_timeout+0xb/0xb [<ffffffff8109dba3>] kswapd+0x270/0x289 [<ffffffff8104c5ea>] ? __init_waitqueue_head+0x46/0x46 [<ffffffff8109d933>] ? balance_pgdat+0x595/0x595 [<ffffffff8104bf7a>] kthread+0x7f/0x87 [<ffffffff813ad6b4>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10 [<ffffffff81026b98>] ? finish_task_switch+0x45/0xc0 [<ffffffff813abcdd>] ? retint_restore_args+0xe/0xe [<ffffffff8104befb>] ? __init_kthread_worker+0x53/0x53 [<ffffffff813ad6b0>] ? gs_change+0xb/0xb Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>