aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/drivers/media/video/cx18/cx18-driver.c
blob: df60f27337cf6d1691db52c9d5000d7b2c35b77a (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
/*
 *  cx18 driver initialization and card probing
 *
 *  Derived from ivtv-driver.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 2007  Hans Verkuil <hverkuil@xs4all.nl>
 *  Copyright (C) 2008  Andy Walls <awalls@md.metrocast.net>
 *
 *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 *  (at your option) any later version.
 *
 *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 *  GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
 *  02111-1307  USA
 */

#include "cx18-driver.h"
#include "cx18-io.h"
#include "cx18-version.h"
#include "cx18-cards.h"
#include "cx18-i2c.h"
#include "cx18-irq.h"
#include "cx18-gpio.h"
#include "cx18-firmware.h"
#include "cx18-queue.h"
#include "cx18-streams.h"
#include "cx18-av-core.h"
#include "cx18-scb.h"
#include "cx18-mailbox.h"
#include "cx18-ioctl.h"
#include "tuner-xc2028.h"

#include <media/tveeprom.h>

/* If you have already X v4l cards, then set this to X. This way
   the device numbers stay matched. Example: you have a WinTV card
   without radio and a Compro H900 with. Normally this would give a
   video1 device together with a radio0 device for the Compro. By
   setting this to 1 you ensure that radio0 is now also radio1. */
int cx18_first_minor;

/* Callback for registering extensions */
int (*cx18_ext_init)(struct cx18 *);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(cx18_ext_init);

/* add your revision and whatnot here */
static struct pci_device_id cx18_pci_tbl[] __devinitdata = {
	{PCI_VENDOR_ID_CX, PCI_DEVICE_ID_CX23418,
	 PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, 0, 0, 0},
	{0,}
};

MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(pci, cx18_pci_tbl);

static atomic_t cx18_instance = ATOMIC_INIT(0);

/* Parameter declarations */
static int cardtype[CX18_MAX_CARDS];
static int tuner[CX18_MAX_CARDS] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
static int radio[CX18_MAX_CARDS] = { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,
				     -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };
static unsigned cardtype_c = 1;
static unsigned tuner_c = 1;
static unsigned radio_c = 1;
static char pal[] = "--";
static char secam[] = "--";
static char ntsc[] = "-";

/* Buffers */
static int enc_ts_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFFERS;
static int enc_mpg_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFFERS;
static int enc_idx_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_IDX_BUFFERS;
static int enc_yuv_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFFERS;
static int enc_vbi_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_VBI_BUFFERS;
static int enc_pcm_buffers = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFFERS;

static int enc_ts_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_mpg_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_idx_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_IDX_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_yuv_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFSIZE;
static int enc_pcm_bufsize = CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFSIZE;

static int enc_ts_bufs = -1;
static int enc_mpg_bufs = -1;
static int enc_idx_bufs = CX18_MAX_FW_MDLS_PER_STREAM;
static int enc_yuv_bufs = -1;
static int enc_vbi_bufs = -1;
static int enc_pcm_bufs = -1;


static int cx18_pci_latency = 1;

static int mmio_ndelay;
static int retry_mmio = 1;

int cx18_debug;

module_param_array(tuner, int, &tuner_c, 0644);
module_param_array(radio, bool, &radio_c, 0644);
module_param_array(cardtype, int, &cardtype_c, 0644);
module_param_string(pal, pal, sizeof(pal), 0644);
module_param_string(secam, secam, sizeof(secam), 0644);
module_param_string(ntsc, ntsc, sizeof(ntsc), 0644);
module_param_named(debug, cx18_debug, int, 0644);
module_param(mmio_ndelay, int, 0644);
module_param(retry_mmio, int, 0644);
module_param(cx18_pci_latency, int, 0644);
module_param(cx18_first_minor, int, 0644);

module_param(enc_ts_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_mpg_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_idx_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_yuv_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_vbi_buffers, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_pcm_buffers, int, 0644);

module_param(enc_ts_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_mpg_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_idx_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_yuv_bufsize, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_pcm_bufsize, int, 0644);

module_param(enc_ts_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_mpg_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_idx_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_yuv_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_vbi_bufs, int, 0644);
module_param(enc_pcm_bufs, int, 0644);

MODULE_PARM_DESC(tuner, "Tuner type selection,\n"
			"\t\t\tsee tuner.h for values");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(radio,
		 "Enable or disable the radio. Use only if autodetection\n"
		 "\t\t\tfails. 0 = disable, 1 = enable");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(cardtype,
		 "Only use this option if your card is not detected properly.\n"
		 "\t\tSpecify card type:\n"
		 "\t\t\t 1 = Hauppauge HVR 1600 (ESMT memory)\n"
		 "\t\t\t 2 = Hauppauge HVR 1600 (Samsung memory)\n"
		 "\t\t\t 3 = Compro VideoMate H900\n"
		 "\t\t\t 4 = Yuan MPC718\n"
		 "\t\t\t 5 = Conexant Raptor PAL/SECAM\n"
		 "\t\t\t 6 = Toshiba Qosmio DVB-T/Analog\n"
		 "\t\t\t 7 = Leadtek WinFast PVR2100\n"
		 "\t\t\t 8 = Leadtek WinFast DVR3100 H\n"
		 "\t\t\t 0 = Autodetect (default)\n"
		 "\t\t\t-1 = Ignore this card\n\t\t");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(pal, "Set PAL standard: B, G, H, D, K, I, M, N, Nc, 60");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(secam, "Set SECAM standard: B, G, H, D, K, L, LC");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(ntsc, "Set NTSC standard: M, J, K");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(debug,
		 "Debug level (bitmask). Default: 0\n"
		 "\t\t\t  1/0x0001: warning\n"
		 "\t\t\t  2/0x0002: info\n"
		 "\t\t\t  4/0x0004: mailbox\n"
		 "\t\t\t  8/0x0008: dma\n"
		 "\t\t\t 16/0x0010: ioctl\n"
		 "\t\t\t 32/0x0020: file\n"
		 "\t\t\t 64/0x0040: i2c\n"
		 "\t\t\t128/0x0080: irq\n"
		 "\t\t\t256/0x0100: high volume\n");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(cx18_pci_latency,
		 "Change the PCI latency to 64 if lower: 0 = No, 1 = Yes,\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: Yes");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(retry_mmio,
		 "(Deprecated) MMIO writes are now always checked and retried\n"
		 "\t\t\tEffectively: 1 [Yes]");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(mmio_ndelay,
		 "(Deprecated) MMIO accesses are now never purposely delayed\n"
		 "\t\t\tEffectively: 0 ns");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_ts_buffers,
		 "Encoder TS buffer memory (MB). (enc_ts_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_ts_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder TS buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_TS_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_ts_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder TS buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_ts_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_mpg_buffers,
		 "Encoder MPG buffer memory (MB). (enc_mpg_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_mpg_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder MPG buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_MPG_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_mpg_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder MPG buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_mpg_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_idx_buffers,
		 "(Deprecated) Encoder IDX buffer memory (MB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tIgnored, except 0 disables IDX buffer allocations\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: 1 [Enabled]");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_idx_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder IDX buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tAllowed values are multiples of 1.5 kB rounded up\n"
		 "\t\t\t(multiples of size required for 64 index entries)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: 2");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_idx_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder IDX buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_MAX_FW_MDLS_PER_STREAM));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_yuv_buffers,
		 "Encoder YUV buffer memory (MB). (enc_yuv_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_YUV_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_yuv_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder YUV buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tAllowed values are multiples of 33.75 kB rounded up\n"
		 "\t\t\t(multiples of size required for 32 screen lines)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: 102");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_yuv_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder YUV buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_yuv_* parameters");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_vbi_buffers,
		 "Encoder VBI buffer memory (MB). (enc_vbi_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_VBI_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_vbi_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder VBI buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from enc_vbi_buffers");
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_pcm_buffers,
		 "Encoder PCM buffer memory (MB). (enc_pcm_bufs can override)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFFERS));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_pcm_bufsize,
		 "Size of an encoder PCM buffer (kB)\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault: " __stringify(CX18_DEFAULT_ENC_PCM_BUFSIZE));
MODULE_PARM_DESC(enc_pcm_bufs,
		 "Number of encoder PCM buffers\n"
		 "\t\t\tDefault is computed from other enc_pcm_* parameters");

MODULE_PARM_DESC(cx18_first_minor,
		 "Set device node number assigned to first card");

MODULE_AUTHOR("Hans Verkuil");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("CX23418 driver");
MODULE_SUPPORTED_DEVICE("CX23418 MPEG2 encoder");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

MODULE_VERSION(CX18_VERSION);

#if defined(CONFIG_MODULES) && defined(MODULE)
static void request_module_async(struct work_struct *work)
{
	struct cx18 *dev = container_of(work, struct cx18, request_module_wk);

	/* Make sure cx18-alsa module is loaded */
	request_module("cx18-alsa");

	/* Initialize cx18-alsa for this instance of the cx18 device */
	if (cx18_ext_init != NULL)
		cx18_ext_init(dev);
}

static void request_modules(struct cx18 *dev)
{
	INIT_WORK(&dev->request_module_wk, request_module_async);
	schedule_work(&dev->request_module_wk);
}
#else
#define request_modules(dev)
#endif /* CONFIG_MODULES */

/* Generic utility functions */
int cx18_msleep_timeout(unsigned int msecs, int intr)
{
	long int timeout = msecs_to_jiffies(msecs);
	int sig;

	do {
		set_current_state(intr ? TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE : TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
		timeout = schedule_timeout(timeout);
		sig = intr ? signal_pending(current) : 0;
	} while (!sig && timeout);
	return sig;
}

/* Release ioremapped memory */
static void cx18_iounmap(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	if (cx == NULL)
		return;

	/* Release io memory */
	if (cx->enc_mem != NULL) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("releasing enc_mem\n");
		iounmap(cx->enc_mem);
		cx->enc_mem = NULL;
	}
}

static void cx18_eeprom_dump(struct cx18 *cx, unsigned char *eedata, int len)
{
	int i;

	CX18_INFO("eeprom dump:\n");
	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
		if (0 == (i % 16))
			CX18_INFO("eeprom %02x:", i);
		printk(KERN_CONT " %02x", eedata[i]);
		if (15 == (i % 16))
			printk(KERN_CONT "\n");
	}
}

/* Hauppauge card? get values from tveeprom */
void cx18_read_eeprom(struct cx18 *cx, struct tveeprom *tv)
{
	struct i2c_client c;
	u8 eedata[256];

	memset(&c, 0, sizeof(c));
	strlcpy(c.name, "cx18 tveeprom tmp", sizeof(c.name));
	c.adapter = &cx->i2c_adap[0];
	c.addr = 0xA0 >> 1;

	memset(tv, 0, sizeof(*tv));
	if (tveeprom_read(&c, eedata, sizeof(eedata)))
		return;

	switch (cx->card->type) {
	case CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT:
	case CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_SAMSUNG:
		tveeprom_hauppauge_analog(&c, tv, eedata);
		break;
	case CX18_CARD_YUAN_MPC718:
		tv->model = 0x718;
		cx18_eeprom_dump(cx, eedata, sizeof(eedata));
		CX18_INFO("eeprom PCI ID: %02x%02x:%02x%02x\n",
			  eedata[2], eedata[1], eedata[4], eedata[3]);
		break;
	default:
		tv->model = 0xffffffff;
		cx18_eeprom_dump(cx, eedata, sizeof(eedata));
		break;
	}
}

static void cx18_process_eeprom(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	struct tveeprom tv;

	cx18_read_eeprom(cx, &tv);

	/* Many thanks to Steven Toth from Hauppauge for providing the
	   model numbers */
	/* Note: the Samsung memory models cannot be reliably determined
	   from the model number. Use the cardtype module option if you
	   have one of these preproduction models. */
	switch (tv.model) {
	case 74000 ... 74999:
		cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
		break;
	case 0x718:
		return;
	case 0xffffffff:
		CX18_INFO("Unknown EEPROM encoding\n");
		return;
	case 0:
		CX18_ERR("Invalid EEPROM\n");
		return;
	default:
		CX18_ERR("Unknown model %d, defaulting to HVR-1600\n", tv.model);
		cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
		break;
	}

	cx->v4l2_cap = cx->card->v4l2_capabilities;
	cx->card_name = cx->card->name;
	cx->card_i2c = cx->card->i2c;

	CX18_INFO("Autodetected %s\n", cx->card_name);

	if (tv.tuner_type == TUNER_ABSENT)
		CX18_ERR("tveeprom cannot autodetect tuner!\n");

	if (cx->options.tuner == -1)
		cx->options.tuner = tv.tuner_type;
	if (cx->options.radio == -1)
		cx->options.radio = (tv.has_radio != 0);

	if (cx->std != 0)
		/* user specified tuner standard */
		return;

	/* autodetect tuner standard */
	if (tv.tuner_formats & V4L2_STD_PAL) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("PAL tuner detected\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_PAL_BG | V4L2_STD_PAL_H;
	} else if (tv.tuner_formats & V4L2_STD_NTSC) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("NTSC tuner detected\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
	} else if (tv.tuner_formats & V4L2_STD_SECAM) {
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("SECAM tuner detected\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_SECAM_L;
	} else {
		CX18_INFO("No tuner detected, default to NTSC-M\n");
		cx->std |= V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
	}
}

static v4l2_std_id cx18_parse_std(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	switch (pal[0]) {
	case '6':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_60;
	case 'b':
	case 'B':
	case 'g':
	case 'G':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_BG;
	case 'h':
	case 'H':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_H;
	case 'n':
	case 'N':
		if (pal[1] == 'c' || pal[1] == 'C')
			return V4L2_STD_PAL_Nc;
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_N;
	case 'i':
	case 'I':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_I;
	case 'd':
	case 'D':
	case 'k':
	case 'K':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_DK;
	case 'M':
	case 'm':
		return V4L2_STD_PAL_M;
	case '-':
		break;
	default:
		CX18_WARN("pal= argument not recognised\n");
		return 0;
	}

	switch (secam[0]) {
	case 'b':
	case 'B':
	case 'g':
	case 'G':
	case 'h':
	case 'H':
		return V4L2_STD_SECAM_B | V4L2_STD_SECAM_G | V4L2_STD_SECAM_H;
	case 'd':
	case 'D':
	case 'k':
	case 'K':
		return V4L2_STD_SECAM_DK;
	case 'l':
	case 'L':
		if (secam[1] == 'C' || secam[1] == 'c')
			return V4L2_STD_SECAM_LC;
		return V4L2_STD_SECAM_L;
	case '-':
		break;
	default:
		CX18_WARN("secam= argument not recognised\n");
		return 0;
	}

	switch (ntsc[0]) {
	case 'm':
	case 'M':
		return V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
	case 'j':
	case 'J':
		return V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP;
	case 'k':
	case 'K':
		return V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_KR;
	case '-':
		break;
	default:
		CX18_WARN("ntsc= argument not recognised\n");
		return 0;
	}

	/* no match found */
	return 0;
}

static void cx18_process_options(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i, j;

	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_TS] = enc_ts_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_MPG] = enc_mpg_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX] = enc_idx_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV] = enc_yuv_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = enc_vbi_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_PCM] = enc_pcm_buffers;
	cx->options.megabytes[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_RAD] = 0; /* control only */

	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_TS] = enc_ts_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_MPG] = enc_mpg_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX] = enc_idx_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV] = enc_yuv_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = enc_vbi_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_PCM] = enc_pcm_bufs;
	cx->stream_buffers[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_RAD] = 0; /* control, no data */

	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_TS] = enc_ts_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_MPG] = enc_mpg_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX] = enc_idx_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV] = enc_yuv_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI] = vbi_active_samples * 36;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_PCM] = enc_pcm_bufsize;
	cx->stream_buf_size[CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_RAD] = 0; /* control no data */

	/* Ensure stream_buffers & stream_buf_size are valid */
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_STREAMS; i++) {
		if (cx->stream_buffers[i] == 0 ||     /* User said 0 buffers */
		    cx->options.megabytes[i] <= 0 ||  /* User said 0 MB total */
		    cx->stream_buf_size[i] <= 0) {    /* User said buf size 0 */
			cx->options.megabytes[i] = 0;
			cx->stream_buffers[i] = 0;
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] = 0;
			continue;
		}
		/*
		 * YUV is a special case where the stream_buf_size needs to be
		 * an integral multiple of 33.75 kB (storage for 32 screens
		 * lines to maintain alignment in case of lost buffers).
		 *
		 * IDX is a special case where the stream_buf_size should be
		 * an integral multiple of 1.5 kB (storage for 64 index entries
		 * to maintain alignment in case of lost buffers).
		 *
		 */
		if (i == CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV) {
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] *= 1024;
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] -=
			   (cx->stream_buf_size[i] % CX18_UNIT_ENC_YUV_BUFSIZE);

			if (cx->stream_buf_size[i] < CX18_UNIT_ENC_YUV_BUFSIZE)
				cx->stream_buf_size[i] =
						CX18_UNIT_ENC_YUV_BUFSIZE;
		} else if (i == CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX) {
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] *= 1024;
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] -=
			   (cx->stream_buf_size[i] % CX18_UNIT_ENC_IDX_BUFSIZE);

			if (cx->stream_buf_size[i] < CX18_UNIT_ENC_IDX_BUFSIZE)
				cx->stream_buf_size[i] =
						CX18_UNIT_ENC_IDX_BUFSIZE;
		}
		/*
		 * YUV and IDX are special cases where the stream_buf_size is
		 * now in bytes.
		 * VBI is a special case where the stream_buf_size is fixed
		 * and already in bytes
		 */
		if (i == CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_VBI ||
		    i == CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_YUV ||
		    i == CX18_ENC_STREAM_TYPE_IDX) {
			if (cx->stream_buffers[i] < 0) {
				cx->stream_buffers[i] =
					cx->options.megabytes[i] * 1024 * 1024
					/ cx->stream_buf_size[i];
			} else {
				/* N.B. This might round down to 0 */
				cx->options.megabytes[i] =
					cx->stream_buffers[i]
					* cx->stream_buf_size[i]/(1024 * 1024);
			}
		} else {
			/* All other streams have stream_buf_size in kB here */
			if (cx->stream_buffers[i] < 0) {
				cx->stream_buffers[i] =
						cx->options.megabytes[i] * 1024
						/ cx->stream_buf_size[i];
			} else {
				/* N.B. This might round down to 0 */
				cx->options.megabytes[i] =
						cx->stream_buffers[i]
						* cx->stream_buf_size[i] / 1024;
			}
			/* convert from kB to bytes */
			cx->stream_buf_size[i] *= 1024;
		}
		CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Stream type %d options: %d MB, %d buffers, "
				"%d bytes\n", i, cx->options.megabytes[i],
				cx->stream_buffers[i], cx->stream_buf_size[i]);
	}

	cx->options.cardtype = cardtype[cx->instance];
	cx->options.tuner = tuner[cx->instance];
	cx->options.radio = radio[cx->instance];

	cx->std = cx18_parse_std(cx);
	if (cx->options.cardtype == -1) {
		CX18_INFO("Ignore card\n");
		return;
	}
	cx->card = cx18_get_card(cx->options.cardtype - 1);
	if (cx->card)
		CX18_INFO("User specified %s card\n", cx->card->name);
	else if (cx->options.cardtype != 0)
		CX18_ERR("Unknown user specified type, trying to autodetect card\n");
	if (cx->card == NULL) {
		if (cx->pci_dev->subsystem_vendor == CX18_PCI_ID_HAUPPAUGE) {
			cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
			CX18_INFO("Autodetected Hauppauge card\n");
		}
	}
	if (cx->card == NULL) {
		for (i = 0; (cx->card = cx18_get_card(i)); i++) {
			if (cx->card->pci_list == NULL)
				continue;
			for (j = 0; cx->card->pci_list[j].device; j++) {
				if (cx->pci_dev->device !=
				    cx->card->pci_list[j].device)
					continue;
				if (cx->pci_dev->subsystem_vendor !=
				    cx->card->pci_list[j].subsystem_vendor)
					continue;
				if (cx->pci_dev->subsystem_device !=
				    cx->card->pci_list[j].subsystem_device)
					continue;
				CX18_INFO("Autodetected %s card\n", cx->card->name);
				goto done;
			}
		}
	}
done:

	if (cx->card == NULL) {
		cx->card = cx18_get_card(CX18_CARD_HVR_1600_ESMT);
		CX18_ERR("Unknown card: vendor/device: [%04x:%04x]\n",
			 cx->pci_dev->vendor, cx->pci_dev->device);
		CX18_ERR("              subsystem vendor/device: [%04x:%04x]\n",
			 cx->pci_dev->subsystem_vendor,
			 cx->pci_dev->subsystem_device);
		CX18_ERR("Defaulting to %s card\n", cx->card->name);
		CX18_ERR("Please mail the vendor/device and subsystem vendor/device IDs and what kind of\n");
		CX18_ERR("card you have to the ivtv-devel mailinglist (www.ivtvdriver.org)\n");
		CX18_ERR("Prefix your subject line with [UNKNOWN CX18 CARD].\n");
	}
	cx->v4l2_cap = cx->card->v4l2_capabilities;
	cx->card_name = cx->card->name;
	cx->card_i2c = cx->card->i2c;
}

static int __devinit cx18_create_in_workq(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	snprintf(cx->in_workq_name, sizeof(cx->in_workq_name), "%s-in",
		 cx->v4l2_dev.name);
	cx->in_work_queue = create_singlethread_workqueue(cx->in_workq_name);
	if (cx->in_work_queue == NULL) {
		CX18_ERR("Unable to create incoming mailbox handler thread\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	return 0;
}

static int __devinit cx18_create_out_workq(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	snprintf(cx->out_workq_name, sizeof(cx->out_workq_name), "%s-out",
		 cx->v4l2_dev.name);
	cx->out_work_queue = create_workqueue(cx->out_workq_name);
	if (cx->out_work_queue == NULL) {
		CX18_ERR("Unable to create outgoing mailbox handler threads\n");
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	return 0;
}

static void __devinit cx18_init_in_work_orders(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_IN_WORK_ORDERS; i++) {
		cx->in_work_order[i].cx = cx;
		cx->in_work_order[i].str = cx->epu_debug_str;
		INIT_WORK(&cx->in_work_order[i].work, cx18_in_work_handler);
	}
}

/* Precondition: the cx18 structure has been memset to 0. Only
   the dev and instance fields have been filled in.
   No assumptions on the card type may be made here (see cx18_init_struct2
   for that).
 */
static int __devinit cx18_init_struct1(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int ret;

	cx->base_addr = pci_resource_start(cx->pci_dev, 0);

	mutex_init(&cx->serialize_lock);
	mutex_init(&cx->gpio_lock);
	mutex_init(&cx->epu2apu_mb_lock);
	mutex_init(&cx->epu2cpu_mb_lock);

	ret = cx18_create_out_workq(cx);
	if (ret)
		return ret;

	ret = cx18_create_in_workq(cx);
	if (ret) {
		destroy_workqueue(cx->out_work_queue);
		return ret;
	}

	cx18_init_in_work_orders(cx);

	/* start counting open_id at 1 */
	cx->open_id = 1;

	/* Initial settings */
	cx2341x_fill_defaults(&cx->params);
	cx->temporal_strength = cx->params.video_temporal_filter;
	cx->spatial_strength = cx->params.video_spatial_filter;
	cx->filter_mode = cx->params.video_spatial_filter_mode |
		(cx->params.video_temporal_filter_mode << 1) |
		(cx->params.video_median_filter_type << 2);
	cx->params.port = CX2341X_PORT_MEMORY;
	cx->params.capabilities =
				CX2341X_CAP_HAS_TS | CX2341X_CAP_HAS_SLICED_VBI;
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->cap_w);
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->mb_apu_waitq);
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->mb_cpu_waitq);
	init_waitqueue_head(&cx->dma_waitq);

	/* VBI */
	cx->vbi.in.type = V4L2_BUF_TYPE_VBI_CAPTURE;
	cx->vbi.sliced_in = &cx->vbi.in.fmt.sliced;

	/* IVTV style VBI insertion into MPEG streams */
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_buf.list);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_mdl.list);
	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_mdl.buf_list);
	list_add(&cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_buf.list,
		 &cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_mdl.buf_list);
	return 0;
}

/* Second initialization part. Here the card type has been
   autodetected. */
static void __devinit cx18_init_struct2(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;

	for (i = 0; i < CX18_CARD_MAX_VIDEO_INPUTS; i++)
		if (cx->card->video_inputs[i].video_type == 0)
			break;
	cx->nof_inputs = i;
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_CARD_MAX_AUDIO_INPUTS; i++)
		if (cx->card->audio_inputs[i].audio_type == 0)
			break;
	cx->nof_audio_inputs = i;

	/* Find tuner input */
	for (i = 0; i < cx->nof_inputs; i++) {
		if (cx->card->video_inputs[i].video_type ==
				CX18_CARD_INPUT_VID_TUNER)
			break;
	}
	if (i == cx->nof_inputs)
		i = 0;
	cx->active_input = i;
	cx->audio_input = cx->card->video_inputs[i].audio_index;
}

static int cx18_setup_pci(struct cx18 *cx, struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
			  const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	u16 cmd;
	unsigned char pci_latency;

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Enabling pci device\n");

	if (pci_enable_device(pci_dev)) {
		CX18_ERR("Can't enable device %d!\n", cx->instance);
		return -EIO;
	}
	if (pci_set_dma_mask(pci_dev, 0xffffffff)) {
		CX18_ERR("No suitable DMA available, card %d\n", cx->instance);
		return -EIO;
	}
	if (!request_mem_region(cx->base_addr, CX18_MEM_SIZE, "cx18 encoder")) {
		CX18_ERR("Cannot request encoder memory region, card %d\n",
			 cx->instance);
		return -EIO;
	}

	/* Enable bus mastering and memory mapped IO for the CX23418 */
	pci_read_config_word(pci_dev, PCI_COMMAND, &cmd);
	cmd |= PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY | PCI_COMMAND_MASTER;
	pci_write_config_word(pci_dev, PCI_COMMAND, cmd);

	pci_read_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_CLASS_REVISION, &cx->card_rev);
	pci_read_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, &pci_latency);

	if (pci_latency < 64 && cx18_pci_latency) {
		CX18_INFO("Unreasonably low latency timer, "
			       "setting to 64 (was %d)\n", pci_latency);
		pci_write_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, 64);
		pci_read_config_byte(pci_dev, PCI_LATENCY_TIMER, &pci_latency);
	}

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("cx%d (rev %d) at %02x:%02x.%x, "
		   "irq: %d, latency: %d, memory: 0x%lx\n",
		   cx->pci_dev->device, cx->card_rev, pci_dev->bus->number,
		   PCI_SLOT(pci_dev->devfn), PCI_FUNC(pci_dev->devfn),
		   cx->pci_dev->irq, pci_latency, (unsigned long)cx->base_addr);

	return 0;
}

static void cx18_init_subdevs(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	u32 hw = cx->card->hw_all;
	u32 device;
	int i;

	for (i = 0, device = 1; i < 32; i++, device <<= 1) {

		if (!(device & hw))
			continue;

		switch (device) {
		case CX18_HW_DVB:
		case CX18_HW_TVEEPROM:
			/* These subordinate devices do not use probing */
			cx->hw_flags |= device;
			break;
		case CX18_HW_418_AV:
			/* The A/V decoder gets probed earlier to set PLLs */
			/* Just note that the card uses it (i.e. has analog) */
			cx->hw_flags |= device;
			break;
		case CX18_HW_GPIO_RESET_CTRL:
			/*
			 * The Reset Controller gets probed and added to
			 * hw_flags earlier for i2c adapter/bus initialization
			 */
			break;
		case CX18_HW_GPIO_MUX:
			if (cx18_gpio_register(cx, device) == 0)
				cx->hw_flags |= device;
			break;
		default:
			if (cx18_i2c_register(cx, i) == 0)
				cx->hw_flags |= device;
			break;
		}
	}

	if (cx->hw_flags & CX18_HW_418_AV)
		cx->sd_av = cx18_find_hw(cx, CX18_HW_418_AV);

	if (cx->card->hw_muxer != 0)
		cx->sd_extmux = cx18_find_hw(cx, cx->card->hw_muxer);
}

static int __devinit cx18_probe(struct pci_dev *pci_dev,
				const struct pci_device_id *pci_id)
{
	int retval = 0;
	int i;
	u32 devtype;
	struct cx18 *cx;

	/* FIXME - module parameter arrays constrain max instances */
	i = atomic_inc_return(&cx18_instance) - 1;
	if (i >= CX18_MAX_CARDS) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18: cannot manage card %d, driver has a "
		       "limit of 0 - %d\n", i, CX18_MAX_CARDS - 1);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}

	cx = kzalloc(sizeof(struct cx18), GFP_ATOMIC);
	if (cx == NULL) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18: cannot manage card %d, out of memory\n",
		       i);
		return -ENOMEM;
	}
	cx->pci_dev = pci_dev;
	cx->instance = i;

	retval = v4l2_device_register(&pci_dev->dev, &cx->v4l2_dev);
	if (retval) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18: v4l2_device_register of card %d failed"
		       "\n", cx->instance);
		kfree(cx);
		return retval;
	}
	snprintf(cx->v4l2_dev.name, sizeof(cx->v4l2_dev.name), "cx18-%d",
		 cx->instance);
	CX18_INFO("Initializing card %d\n", cx->instance);

	cx18_process_options(cx);
	if (cx->options.cardtype == -1) {
		retval = -ENODEV;
		goto err;
	}

	retval = cx18_init_struct1(cx);
	if (retval)
		goto err;

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("base addr: 0x%08x\n", cx->base_addr);

	/* PCI Device Setup */
	retval = cx18_setup_pci(cx, pci_dev, pci_id);
	if (retval != 0)
		goto free_workqueues;

	/* map io memory */
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("attempting ioremap at 0x%08x len 0x%08x\n",
		   cx->base_addr + CX18_MEM_OFFSET, CX18_MEM_SIZE);
	cx->enc_mem = ioremap_nocache(cx->base_addr + CX18_MEM_OFFSET,
				       CX18_MEM_SIZE);
	if (!cx->enc_mem) {
		CX18_ERR("ioremap failed, perhaps increasing __VMALLOC_RESERVE in page.h\n");
		CX18_ERR("or disabling CONFIG_HIGHMEM4G into the kernel would help\n");
		retval = -ENOMEM;
		goto free_mem;
	}
	cx->reg_mem = cx->enc_mem + CX18_REG_OFFSET;
	devtype = cx18_read_reg(cx, 0xC72028);
	switch (devtype & 0xff000000) {
	case 0xff000000:
		CX18_INFO("cx23418 revision %08x (A)\n", devtype);
		break;
	case 0x01000000:
		CX18_INFO("cx23418 revision %08x (B)\n", devtype);
		break;
	default:
		CX18_INFO("cx23418 revision %08x (Unknown)\n", devtype);
		break;
	}

	cx18_init_power(cx, 1);
	cx18_init_memory(cx);

	cx->scb = (struct cx18_scb __iomem *)(cx->enc_mem + SCB_OFFSET);
	cx18_init_scb(cx);

	cx18_gpio_init(cx);

	/* Initialize integrated A/V decoder early to set PLLs, just in case */
	retval = cx18_av_probe(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Could not register A/V decoder subdevice\n");
		goto free_map;
	}

	/* Initialize GPIO Reset Controller to do chip resets during i2c init */
	if (cx->card->hw_all & CX18_HW_GPIO_RESET_CTRL) {
		if (cx18_gpio_register(cx, CX18_HW_GPIO_RESET_CTRL) != 0)
			CX18_WARN("Could not register GPIO reset controller"
				  "subdevice; proceeding anyway.\n");
		else
			cx->hw_flags |= CX18_HW_GPIO_RESET_CTRL;
	}

	/* active i2c  */
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("activating i2c...\n");
	retval = init_cx18_i2c(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Could not initialize i2c\n");
		goto free_map;
	}

	if (cx->card->hw_all & CX18_HW_TVEEPROM) {
		/* Based on the model number the cardtype may be changed.
		   The PCI IDs are not always reliable. */
		cx18_process_eeprom(cx);
	}
	if (cx->card->comment)
		CX18_INFO("%s", cx->card->comment);
	if (cx->card->v4l2_capabilities == 0) {
		retval = -ENODEV;
		goto free_i2c;
	}
	cx18_init_memory(cx);
	cx18_init_scb(cx);

	/* Register IRQ */
	retval = request_irq(cx->pci_dev->irq, cx18_irq_handler,
			     IRQF_SHARED | IRQF_DISABLED,
			     cx->v4l2_dev.name, (void *)cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Failed to register irq %d\n", retval);
		goto free_i2c;
	}

	if (cx->std == 0)
		cx->std = V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;

	if (cx->options.tuner == -1) {
		for (i = 0; i < CX18_CARD_MAX_TUNERS; i++) {
			if ((cx->std & cx->card->tuners[i].std) == 0)
				continue;
			cx->options.tuner = cx->card->tuners[i].tuner;
			break;
		}
	}
	/* if no tuner was found, then pick the first tuner in the card list */
	if (cx->options.tuner == -1 && cx->card->tuners[0].std) {
		cx->std = cx->card->tuners[0].std;
		if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_PAL)
			cx->std = V4L2_STD_PAL_BG | V4L2_STD_PAL_H;
		else if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_NTSC)
			cx->std = V4L2_STD_NTSC_M;
		else if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_SECAM)
			cx->std = V4L2_STD_SECAM_L;
		cx->options.tuner = cx->card->tuners[0].tuner;
	}
	if (cx->options.radio == -1)
		cx->options.radio = (cx->card->radio_input.audio_type != 0);

	/* The card is now fully identified, continue with card-specific
	   initialization. */
	cx18_init_struct2(cx);

	cx18_init_subdevs(cx);

	if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_525_60)
		cx->is_60hz = 1;
	else
		cx->is_50hz = 1;

	cx->params.video_gop_size = cx->is_60hz ? 15 : 12;

	if (cx->options.radio > 0)
		cx->v4l2_cap |= V4L2_CAP_RADIO;

	if (cx->options.tuner > -1) {
		struct tuner_setup setup;

		setup.addr = ADDR_UNSET;
		setup.type = cx->options.tuner;
		setup.mode_mask = T_ANALOG_TV;  /* matches TV tuners */
		setup.tuner_callback = (setup.type == TUNER_XC2028) ?
			cx18_reset_tuner_gpio : NULL;
		cx18_call_all(cx, tuner, s_type_addr, &setup);
		if (setup.type == TUNER_XC2028) {
			static struct xc2028_ctrl ctrl = {
				.fname = XC2028_DEFAULT_FIRMWARE,
				.max_len = 64,
			};
			struct v4l2_priv_tun_config cfg = {
				.tuner = cx->options.tuner,
				.priv = &ctrl,
			};
			cx18_call_all(cx, tuner, s_config, &cfg);
		}
	}

	/* The tuner is fixed to the standard. The other inputs (e.g. S-Video)
	   are not. */
	cx->tuner_std = cx->std;

	retval = cx18_streams_setup(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Error %d setting up streams\n", retval);
		goto free_irq;
	}
	retval = cx18_streams_register(cx);
	if (retval) {
		CX18_ERR("Error %d registering devices\n", retval);
		goto free_streams;
	}

	CX18_INFO("Initialized card: %s\n", cx->card_name);

	/* Load cx18 submodules (cx18-alsa) */
	request_modules(cx);

	return 0;

free_streams:
	cx18_streams_cleanup(cx, 1);
free_irq:
	free_irq(cx->pci_dev->irq, (void *)cx);
free_i2c:
	exit_cx18_i2c(cx);
free_map:
	cx18_iounmap(cx);
free_mem:
	release_mem_region(cx->base_addr, CX18_MEM_SIZE);
free_workqueues:
	destroy_workqueue(cx->in_work_queue);
	destroy_workqueue(cx->out_work_queue);
err:
	if (retval == 0)
		retval = -ENODEV;
	CX18_ERR("Error %d on initialization\n", retval);

	v4l2_device_unregister(&cx->v4l2_dev);
	kfree(cx);
	return retval;
}

int cx18_init_on_first_open(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int video_input;
	int fw_retry_count = 3;
	struct v4l2_frequency vf;
	struct cx18_open_id fh;

	fh.cx = cx;

	if (test_bit(CX18_F_I_FAILED, &cx->i_flags))
		return -ENXIO;

	if (test_and_set_bit(CX18_F_I_INITED, &cx->i_flags))
		return 0;

	while (--fw_retry_count > 0) {
		/* load firmware */
		if (cx18_firmware_init(cx) == 0)
			break;
		if (fw_retry_count > 1)
			CX18_WARN("Retry loading firmware\n");
	}

	if (fw_retry_count == 0) {
		set_bit(CX18_F_I_FAILED, &cx->i_flags);
		return -ENXIO;
	}
	set_bit(CX18_F_I_LOADED_FW, &cx->i_flags);

	/*
	 * Init the firmware twice to work around a silicon bug
	 * with the digital TS.
	 *
	 * The second firmware load requires us to normalize the APU state,
	 * or the audio for the first analog capture will be badly incorrect.
	 *
	 * I can't seem to call APU_RESETAI and have it succeed without the
	 * APU capturing audio, so we start and stop it here to do the reset
	 */

	/* MPEG Encoding, 224 kbps, MPEG Layer II, 48 ksps */
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_START, 2, CX18_APU_ENCODING_METHOD_MPEG|0xb9, 0);
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_RESETAI, 0);
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_STOP, 1, CX18_APU_ENCODING_METHOD_MPEG);

	fw_retry_count = 3;
	while (--fw_retry_count > 0) {
		/* load firmware */
		if (cx18_firmware_init(cx) == 0)
			break;
		if (fw_retry_count > 1)
			CX18_WARN("Retry loading firmware\n");
	}

	if (fw_retry_count == 0) {
		set_bit(CX18_F_I_FAILED, &cx->i_flags);
		return -ENXIO;
	}

	/*
	 * The second firmware load requires us to normalize the APU state,
	 * or the audio for the first analog capture will be badly incorrect.
	 *
	 * I can't seem to call APU_RESETAI and have it succeed without the
	 * APU capturing audio, so we start and stop it here to do the reset
	 */

	/* MPEG Encoding, 224 kbps, MPEG Layer II, 48 ksps */
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_START, 2, CX18_APU_ENCODING_METHOD_MPEG|0xb9, 0);
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_RESETAI, 0);
	cx18_vapi(cx, CX18_APU_STOP, 1, CX18_APU_ENCODING_METHOD_MPEG);

	/* Init the A/V decoder, if it hasn't been already */
	v4l2_subdev_call(cx->sd_av, core, load_fw);

	vf.tuner = 0;
	vf.type = V4L2_TUNER_ANALOG_TV;
	vf.frequency = 6400; /* the tuner 'baseline' frequency */

	/* Set initial frequency. For PAL/SECAM broadcasts no
	   'default' channel exists AFAIK. */
	if (cx->std == V4L2_STD_NTSC_M_JP)
		vf.frequency = 1460;	/* ch. 1 91250*16/1000 */
	else if (cx->std & V4L2_STD_NTSC_M)
		vf.frequency = 1076;	/* ch. 4 67250*16/1000 */

	video_input = cx->active_input;
	cx->active_input++;	/* Force update of input */
	cx18_s_input(NULL, &fh, video_input);

	/* Let the VIDIOC_S_STD ioctl do all the work, keeps the code
	   in one place. */
	cx->std++;		/* Force full standard initialization */
	cx18_s_std(NULL, &fh, &cx->tuner_std);
	cx18_s_frequency(NULL, &fh, &vf);
	return 0;
}

static void cx18_cancel_in_work_orders(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_IN_WORK_ORDERS; i++)
		cancel_work_sync(&cx->in_work_order[i].work);
}

static void cx18_cancel_out_work_orders(struct cx18 *cx)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < CX18_MAX_STREAMS; i++)
		if (&cx->streams[i].video_dev != NULL)
			cancel_work_sync(&cx->streams[i].out_work_order);
}

static void cx18_remove(struct pci_dev *pci_dev)
{
	struct v4l2_device *v4l2_dev = pci_get_drvdata(pci_dev);
	struct cx18 *cx = to_cx18(v4l2_dev);
	int i;

	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Removing Card\n");

	/* Stop all captures */
	CX18_DEBUG_INFO("Stopping all streams\n");
	if (atomic_read(&cx->tot_capturing) > 0)
		cx18_stop_all_captures(cx);

	/* Stop interrupts that cause incoming work to be queued */
	cx18_sw1_irq_disable(cx, IRQ_CPU_TO_EPU | IRQ_APU_TO_EPU);

	/* Incoming work can cause outgoing work, so clean up incoming first */
	cx18_cancel_in_work_orders(cx);
	cx18_cancel_out_work_orders(cx);

	/* Stop ack interrupts that may have been needed for work to finish */
	cx18_sw2_irq_disable(cx, IRQ_CPU_TO_EPU_ACK | IRQ_APU_TO_EPU_ACK);

	cx18_halt_firmware(cx);

	destroy_workqueue(cx->in_work_queue);
	destroy_workqueue(cx->out_work_queue);

	cx18_streams_cleanup(cx, 1);

	exit_cx18_i2c(cx);

	free_irq(cx->pci_dev->irq, (void *)cx);

	cx18_iounmap(cx);

	release_mem_region(cx->base_addr, CX18_MEM_SIZE);

	pci_disable_device(cx->pci_dev);

	if (cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_data[0] != NULL)
		for (i = 0; i < CX18_VBI_FRAMES; i++)
			kfree(cx->vbi.sliced_mpeg_data[i]);

	CX18_INFO("Removed %s\n", cx->card_name);

	v4l2_device_unregister(v4l2_dev);
	kfree(cx);
}


/* define a pci_driver for card detection */
static struct pci_driver cx18_pci_driver = {
      .name =     "cx18",
      .id_table = cx18_pci_tbl,
      .probe =    cx18_probe,
      .remove =   cx18_remove,
};

static int __init module_start(void)
{
	printk(KERN_INFO "cx18:  Start initialization, version %s\n",
	       CX18_VERSION);

	/* Validate parameters */
	if (cx18_first_minor < 0 || cx18_first_minor >= CX18_MAX_CARDS) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18:  Exiting, cx18_first_minor must be between 0 and %d\n",
		     CX18_MAX_CARDS - 1);
		return -1;
	}

	if (cx18_debug < 0 || cx18_debug > 511) {
		cx18_debug = 0;
		printk(KERN_INFO "cx18:   Debug value must be >= 0 and <= 511!\n");
	}

	if (pci_register_driver(&cx18_pci_driver)) {
		printk(KERN_ERR "cx18:   Error detecting PCI card\n");
		return -ENODEV;
	}
	printk(KERN_INFO "cx18:  End initialization\n");
	return 0;
}

static void __exit module_cleanup(void)
{
	pci_unregister_driver(&cx18_pci_driver);
}

module_init(module_start);
module_exit(module_cleanup);